Izisekelo ezintathu nobufakazi bazo
Umfundisi uMuhammad at-Tamimi (umusa ka-Allah makubenaye)
Egameni lika-Allah, Onomusa, Onesihawu.
Yazi - sengathi u-Allah angakuhawukela - ukuthi kuyisibopho kithina ukufunda amaphuzu amane:
Eyokuqala: Ulwazi, oluwukuqonda u-Allah, nokuqonda uMphrofethi wakhe, nokuqonda inkolo ye-Islam ngobufakazi.
Eyesibili: Ukusebenza ngalo.
Okwesithathu: Ukubizela kuyona.
Okwesine: Ukubekezelela inhlupheko ekuyo.
Wathi uShafi'i (u-Allah oPhezukonke makamhawukele): Ukube u-Allah akazange ehlisele ubufakazi ezidalweni zakhe ngaphandle kwale Surah, ngabe ibanele.
Futhi wathi uBukhari (u-Allah oPhezukonke makamhawukele): Isahluko: Ulwazi ngaphambi kwezwi nesenzo; futhi ubufakazi ngamazwi Akhe, Ophakeme: "Ngakho yazi ukuthi akukho ofanele ukukhonzwa ngeqiniso ngaphandle kuka-Allah, futhi ucele intethelelo yesono sakho..." ﴾[Muhammad:9], ngakho Waqala ngolwazi ngaphambi kwezwi nesenzo.
Yazi - sengathi u-Allah angaba nomusa kuwe -: ukuthi kuphoqelekile kubo bonke amaMuslim owesilisa nowesifazane, ukufunda lezi zindaba ezintathu, kanye nokusebenza ngazo:
Eyokuqala: ukuthi u-Allah wasidala, wasabela, futhi akasishiyanga singenanjongo; kunalokho wathumela kithina isiThunywa. Ngakho-ke, lowo owamlalela wangena eZulwini, nalowo ongamalalelanga wangena eMlilweni.
Okwesithathu: ukuthi lowo olalele isiThunywa futhi wakhonza ku-Allah yedwa; akuvumelekile kuye ukuzihlanganisa nalowo ophikisana no-Allah nesiThunywa saKhe, noma ngabe eyisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu.
Futhi okukhulu kunakho konke u-Allah akuyalele: yi-Tawhid, okuwukuthi: ukwenza u-Allah abe yedwa ekukhonzeni.
Futhi okukhulu kunakho konke akwenqabelayo wubuhlanganyeli, okungukuthi: ukubiza omunye kanye naye.
Ngakho-ke, uma ubuzwa: Ziyini izisekelo ezintathu okuphoqelekile kumuntu ukuba azazi?
Ngakho-ke yisho: Ulwazi lwenceku ngeNkosi yayo, nangenkolo yayo, nangomPhrofethi wayo uMuhammad ﷺ.
Futhi uma kuthiwa kuwe: Ubani iNkosi yakho?
Ngakho-ke yisho uthi: INkosi yami ngu-Allah ongondlileyo, futhi owondla zonke izidalwa ngezibusiso zaKhe, futhi nguye engimkhonzayo; anginaye omunye engimkhonzayo ngaphandle kwaKhe. Futhi ubufakazi buisisho saKhe, oPhakeme: "Udumo lonke lungoluka-Allah, iNkosi yemihlaba." [Al-Fatiha: 2]. Futhi konke okunye ngaphandle kuka-Allah kuyindalo, futhi nami ngingomunye waleyo ndalo.
Ngakho-ke uma kuthiwa kuwe: Wamazi ngani iNkosi yakho?
Yisho-ke: ngezibonakaliso zaKhe nangezidalwa zaKhe.
Futhi phakathi kwezimpawu zaKhe: ubusuku, nemini, nelanga, nenyanga.
Phakathi kwezidalwa zaKhe kukhona amazulu ayisikhombisa nakho konke okukuwo, nemihlaba eyisikhombisa nakho konke okukuyo, nalokho okuphakathi kwakho.
Wathi u-Ibn Kathir, kwangathi u-Allah oPhezukonke angamhawukela: "UMdali walezi zinto, nguye ofanelwe ukukhonzwa."
Nezinhlobo zokukhonza u-Allah ayale ngazo: - njenge: i-Islam, i-Imān, ne-Ihsān; futhi phakathi kwakho kukhona: ukunxusa, nokwesaba, nethemba, nokwencika, nokulangazelela, nengebhe, nokuthobeka, nokwesaba okunenhlonipho, nokuphenduka, nokucela usizo, nokucela isiphephelo, nokucela ukuhlangulwa, nokuhlabela, nesifungo, nokunye okungaphandle kwalokho ezinhlotsheni zokukhonza u-Allah ayale ngazo - konke lokhu kungo kuka-Allah oPhezukonke; Futhi ubufakazi isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "Futhi ukuthi izindawo zokukhulekela zingezika-Allah, ngakho-ke ningabizi muntu kanye no-Allah." [Al-Jinn: 18].
Futhi kwiHadith: "Ukunxusa ngumongo wokukhonza."
Ubufakazi bokwesaba isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...ngakho-ke ningabasabi bona kodwa ngisabeni, uma ningabakholwayo." [Al-Imran: 175].
Futhi ubufakazi bethemba isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...ngakho-ke noma ngubani onethemba lokuhlangana neNkosi yakhe, makenze isenzo esihle futhi angahlanganisi muntu ekukhonzeni iNkosi yakhe" [Al-Kahf: 110].
Futhi ubufakazi bokwethembela isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...futhi ku-Allah thembelani, uma ningabakholwayo." [Al-Ma'idah: 23], Futhi isisho saKhe: "...futhi lowo othembela ku-Allah, ngakho-ke Yena umanele..." [At-Talaq: 3].
Futhi ubufakazi bokulangazelela, nokwesaba, nokuzithoba; isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...Ngempela babephuthuma ezenzweni ezinhle futhi besinxusa ngethemba nangokwesaba, futhi babezithobile kithi" [Al-Anbiya:90].
Futhi ubufakazi bokwesaba isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...ngakho-ke ningabesabi, kepha ngesabeni..." [Al-Ma'idah: 3].
Ukwazi inkolo ye-Islam ngobufakazi wukuzinikela ku-Allah ngokumenza munye, nokuzithoba kuYe ngokumlalela, nokuziqhelelanisa neShirk kanye nabantu bayo.
Futhi ngamazinga amathathu: i-Islam, ne-Iman, ne-Ihsan.
Futhi izinga ngalinye linezinsika zalo.
Izinsika ze-Islam zinhlanu: Ubufakazi bokuthi akekho ofanele ukukhonzwa ngeqiniso ngaphandle kuka-Allah nokuthi uMuhammad uyisiThunywa sika-Allah, nokumisa iSalāh, nokukhipha iZakat, nokuzila kweRamadhan, kanye nokwenza iHajj eNdlini eNgcwele ka-Allah.
Futhi incazelo yayo ithi: Akukho onokukhonzwa ngokweqiniso ngaphandle kuka-Allah.
“Akekho unkulunkulu,” kuwukuphika konke okukhonzwayo ngaphandle kuka-Allah.
"ngaphandle kuka-Allah," kuqinisekisa ukukhonza kuka-Allah Yedwa.
Akanaye umhlanganyeli ekukhonzweni kwaKhe, njengoba nje akanaye umhlanganyeli embusweni laKhe.
Futhi incazelo yokufakaza ukuthi uMuhammad uyisiThunywa sika-Allah yile: ukumlalela kulokho akuyalayo, nokumkholwa kulokho asazise ngakho, nokugwema lokho akwenqabelayo nakukhuzayo, nokuthi u-Allah angakhonzwa ngaphandle kwalokho Akumishileyo.
Futhi ubufakazi beHajj; yinkulumo yaKhe oPhezukonke: "Futhi ku-Allah kunesibopho phezu kwabantu sokwenza iHajj eNdlini, kulowo onamandla okuthola indlela eya kuyo. Futhi lowo ophikayo, ngempela u-Allah uzimele kuyo yonke indalo" (97) [Al-Imran:97].
Izinga lesibili: ukukholwa; lona lunamagatsha angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa, eliphakeme kakhulu kuwo yizwi elithi: Akekho ofanele ukukhonzwa ngaphandle kuka-Allah, kanti eliphansi kakhulu kuwo wukususa ingozi endleleni, futhi isizotha siwugatsha lokukholwa.
Futhi izinsika zayo ziyisithupha: wukukholelwa ku-Allah, naseziNgelosini zaKhe, nasezincwadini zaKhe, naseziThunyweni zaKhe, nasoSukwini Lokugcina, nasekudalelweni, okuhle nokubi kwakho.
Izinga lesithathu: I-Ihsān -insika eyodwa-, wukukhonza u-Allah sengathi uyambona, kodwa noma ungamboni, Yena uyakubona.
"Futhi ubufakazi obuvela eSunnah: yiHadith edumile kaJibril, elandiswa ngu-Umar (kwangathi u-Allah angajabula ngaye) owathi: "Ngesikhathi sisena nesithunywa sika-Allah (ukuthula nezibusiso zika-Allah makube kuye) ngolunye usuku, kwase kuvela kithina indoda, izingubo zayo zimhlophe qwa, izinwele ezimnyama bhuqe, kungenabonakali kuyo uphawu lohambo, futhi kungekho noyedwa kithina owayemazi, yaze yahlala phansi eduze koMphrofethi (ukuthula nezibusiso zika-Allah makube kuye), yase yencikisa amadolo ayo emadolweni akhe, yabeka izandla zayo emathangeni ayo, yathi: “O Muhammad!”
Wase ethi isiThunywa sika-Allah (ukuthula nezibusiso zika-Allah kube kuye): "I-Islam wukuthi ufakaze ukuthi akukho ofanele ukukhonzwa ngeqiniso ngaphandle kuka-Allah nokuthi uMuhammad uyisiThunywa sika-Allah, nokuthi umise iSalāh, nokuthi ukhiphe iZakat, nokuthi uzile iRamadan, nokuthi wenze iHajj uma unamandla okwenza njalo." Wathi: "Uqinisile." - Ngakho samangala ngaye, embuza bese evuma ukuthi uqinisile. -
Wathi: “Ngazise-ke nge-Iman?”
Wathi: “Ukuthi ukholelwe ku-Allah, naseziNgelosini zaKhe, nasezincwadini zaKhe, nasezithunyweni zaKhe, nasoSukwini Lokugcina, nokuthi ukholelwe kwiQadar, okuhle kwako nokubi kwako”; wathi: “Uqinisile.”
Wathi: “Pho ngitshele nge-Ihsan?”
Wathi: "Pho-ke, ngazise ngeHora?"
Wathi: Bese ungazise ngezibonakaliso zayo?
Wathi: Ukuthi incecukazi izale inkosikazi yayo, nokuthi ubone abelusi bezimvu abangenazicathulo, abanqunu, nabaswelayo, beqhudelana ekwakheni izakhiwo ezinde.
Wathi: “Wabe esehamba, ngahlala isikhashana, wase ethi kimi: ‘O Umar! Uyamazi obani obebuza?’ Ngathi: ‘U-Allah nesiThunywa saKhe bazi kangcono.’ Wathi: ‘Lowo nguJibril, uze kini ukuzonifundisa inkolo yenu.’”
Ukwazi ngoMphrofethi wenu uMuhammad (ukuthula nezibusiso zika-Allah kube kuye), yena unguMuhammad ka-Abdullah ka-Abdul Muttalib ka-Hashim, uHashim ungowamaQuraysh, futhi amaQuraysh angama-Arabhu, kanti ama-Arabhu ayinzalo ka-Ismail ka-Abrahama uMngane Othandekayo – phezu kwakhe naphezu koMphrofethi wethu makube imikhuleko engcono kakhulu nokuthula –.
Wayeneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nantathu yobudala – kuyo engamashumi amane ngaphambi kobuphrofethi, kanti engamashumi amabili nantathu engumphrofethi oyisithunywa.
Wenziwa umPhrofethi nge-‘Iqra’, wathunywa nge-Al-Muddaththir, futhi idolobha lakubo yiMakkah.
Futhi incazelo: "Sukuma, uxwayise" Uyaxwayisa ngokukhonza abanye kanye no-Allah, futhi ubizela ekukhonzeni u-Allah yedwa.
Wahlala iminyaka eyishumi ememela kwi-Tawhid, futhi ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi; wenyuselwa ezulwini, kwase kwenziwa isibopho kuye imithandazo emihlanu. Wathandaza eMakkah iminyaka emithathu, futhi ngemva kwalokho wayalelwa ngeHijrah eya eMadinah.
Futhi i-Hijrah wukusuka ezweni lokwenza abahlanganyeli no-Allah kuya ezweni le-Islam.
Futhi i-Hijrah yokusuka ezweni leShirk uya ezweni le-Islam iyisibopho kule-Ummah, futhi ihlala ikhona kuze kume iHora.
Wathi uAl-Baghawi (umusa ka-Allah mawube kuye): Isizathu sokwehla kwaleli vesi: AmaMuslim ayeseMakkah angazange afuduke, u-Allah wawawabiza ngegama lokukholwa.
Nobufakazi bokufuduka obuvela kwiSunnah, wukusho kwakhe: "I-Hijrah ayinqamuki kuze kunqamuke ukuphenduka, futhi ukuphenduka akunqamuki kuze ilanga liphume ngasentshonalanga."
Kwathi lapho esezinzile eMadina; wayalwa ngemithetho esele ze-Islam - okufana neZakat, neSiyam, neHajj, ne-Adhan, neJihad, kanye nokuyala ngokuhle nokwenqabela okubi - wahlala phezu kwalokhu iminyaka eyishumi.
Wadlula emhlabeni (ukuthula nezibusiso zika-Allah makube kuye) futhi inkolo yakhe yasala, lena yinkolo yakhe; akukho kulunga angazange asikhombise isizwe kona, futhi akukho bubi angazange asixwayise ngabo.
Futhi ubuhle ayiqondise kubo: Ukumenza munye u-Allah, kanye nakho konke u-Allah akuthandayo nakwamukelayo.
Nobubi abaxwayise ngabo: iShirk, kanye nakho konke u-Allah akuzondayo nakwenqabayo.
Futhi u-Allah wayiphelelisa inkolo ngaye; futhi ubufakazi balokho isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...Ngalolu suku ngiphelelisele kini inkolo yenu, futhi ngagcwalisa phezu kwenu ububele bami, futhi nginikhethele i-Islam ukuba ibe yinkolo yenu..." [Al-Ma'idah:3].
Futhi emva kokuvuswa bayophenduliswa futhi bavuzwe ngezenzo zabo; futhi ubufakazi balokho, isisho saKhe oPhezukonke: "...ukuze ajezise labo abenze okubi ngalokho abakwenzile, futhi avuze labo abenze okuhle ngomvuzo omuhle kakhulu" [An-Najm:31].
Kanti owokuqala kubo kwakunguNowa (ukuthula makube kuye).
Futhi u-Allah wenza kwaphoqeleka kuzo zonke izinceku: ukuphika konke okukhonzwayo ngaphandle kuka-Allah, nokukholwa ku-Allah.
Wathi u-Ibn al-Qayyim - u-Allah oPhezukonke amhawukele -: Incazelo ye-Taghut: yilokho inceku eyeqa ngakho umkhawulo wayo - kokhonzwayo, noma olandelwayo, noma olalelwayo.
Futhi amaThaghut maningi, futhi abaholi bawo bayisihlanu: u-Iblis – (u-Allah amqalekise) nalowo okhonzwayo kanti yena evuma, nalowo obizela abantu ekukhonzeni yena uqobo, nalowo ozisholo ukuthi unolwazi lokungabonwayo, kanye nalowo obusa ngokungesikho lokho okwembulwa u-Allah.
Futhi u-Allah wazi kangcono.
