Gwaro Pfupi Rinobatsira Muadhin (anoita adhaan), Imaam, neKhatwib (anopa mharidzo [khutbah] musi weJum'ah), nemitemo yemaMasjid
Bhuku iri rinopa tsananguro yakazara maererano nemitemo yeAdhaan neIqaamah, nekutungamirira Swalaah (munamato), nemharidzo yeJumu'ah, uye netsika dzemuMosque. Pamusoro pazvo, bhuku racho rinokurukura nezve mabasa anofanirwa kuitwa nevadaidzira vevanhu kuti vauye kuSwalaah (maMu'adhin), vatungamiriri veSwalaah (maImam), nevaparidzi, uye rinosimbisa kukosha kwekudzidza mitemo yechitendero (Shariah) inechekuita nemabasa aya kuitira kuona kuti aitwa nemazvo. Uyezve, rinosanganisira magwaro akabva kuna Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) pamwechete netsananguro yawo kuitira kuona…
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Gwaro Pfupi Rinobatsira Kune anosheedzera Adhaan (Muadhin), Imaam, NaKhatwib, Uye Nemitemo YemaMasjid
Dare rezvedzidzo resangano rekushandira zvidzidzo zveIslam mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana.
Zvirokwazvo, rumbidzo dzose ndedzaAllah (Mwari), tinovarumbidza, tovakumbira rubatsiro, tovakumbira ruregerero, uye tinopotera kuna Allah (Mwari) kubva kuhuipi hwedu, uye kubva kuhuipi hwemabasa edu, uyo anotungamirirwa naAllah (Mwari) hapana anogona kumurasisa, uye uyo wavanosiya achirasika hapana anogona kumutungamirira. Uye ndinopupura kuti hapana akakodzera kunamatwa pachokwadi kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), vari vega, havana mubatsiri, uye ndinopupura kuti Muhammad muranda wavo neMutumwa wavo, Allah (Mwari) ngavavaropafadze, ivo, pamwe nemhuri yavo, nevatevedzeri vavo, neavo vakavatevera mukuita zvakanaka, uye vave nerugare rwakakwana.
Mushure maizvozvo: Zvirokwazvo sezvo vanhu vachigara nguva dzose vane chido chezvinhu zvinoruramisa mamiriro avo, Shari'ah yakauya nezvinozadzisa izvozvo, uye kubva pane izvi pane zvine chekuita neAdhaan neIqaamah yeSwalaah, nekutungamirira vanhu mairi, nemharidzo (Khutbah) yeJumu'ah, nemitemo yemaMasjid. Nokudaro, mutoro waMuadhin (anoita adhaan) wepaMasjid, neuyo anotungamirira munamato (Imam), uye muparidzi (Khatwib) weJumu'ah unove mutoro mukuru, nekuda kwaizvozvo takava nehanya nekugadzira bhuku rinonzi: (Pfupiso Inobatsira kuna Muadhin, Imam, naKhatwib neMitemo yemaMasjid), uye nekurishandura mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana.
Chikamu Chekutanga: Mitemo yeAdhaan neIqaamah
Adhaan chiratidzo cheIslam nevanhu vayo, sezvo inoshevedzerwa kashanu pazuva nehusiku hwega hwega, uye zvirokwazvo vadzidzi vakapa hanya mumabhuku avo kunyaya yayo, nemaSunnah ayo, nemitemo yayo, nezvinokurudzirwa zvayo, nezvinoikanganisa, uye izvi zvakadaro nekuda kwekukosha kweIbadah (mhando yekunamata) iyi nerukudzo rwayo [1]. [1] Tarisa: (bhuku rinonzi) Fath Al-Mun'im Sharh Sahih Muslim: (2/460).
Chikamu chekutanga: Tsananguro yeAdhaan neIqaamah
Zvinoreva Adhaan pamutemo (Shari'ah): Kuzivisa kupinda kwenguva yemunamato (Swalaah), nemazwi anozivikanwa, akatarwa, uye anotenderwa [2]. [2] Tarisai (mumabhuku aya): Al-Mughni raIbn Qudaamah: (1/ 292), neMukhtaar Asw-Swihaah: (p. 16)- mudzi wekuti A Dh N; neAl-Adhaan wal-Iqaamah yaAl-Qahtwaani: (p. 5).
Uye Iqaamah pamutemo (Shari'ah): Kuzivisa nezvekutanga kwemunamato (Swalaah), uchishandisa mashoko akatarwa uye anotenderwa [3]. [3] Tarisa (bhuku rinonzi): Kash-shaaf al-Qinaa': (1/230).
Chikamu chepiri: Mutemo weAdhaan neIqaamah
Adhaan neIqaamah zvakatenderwa neQur'aan, neSunnah, uye neIjmaa' (kubvumirana kwevadzidzi veIslam):
MuQur'an; Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Uye kana muchidaidzira kumunamato, vanoutora sechiseko nekutamba. Izvozvo zvinodaro nekuti ivavo vanhu vasinganzwisisi. 58} [Al-Maaidah: 58].
MuSunnah; mune maHadith mazhinji anoratidza kuti zvakatenderwa, anosanganisira:
Kubva kuna Ibn Umar, Allah (Mwari) ngavafadzwe naye nababa vake, akati: MaMuslim pavakasvika muMadinah vaiungana vachimirira nguva yemunamato (Swalaah) pasina aidadzira vanhu kwairi, saka rimwe zuva vakataurirana nezvazvo. Vamwe vavo vakati: "Gadzirai bhero rakafanana nebhero remaKristu," uye vamwe vakati: "Aiwa, hwamanda yakafanana nenyanga yemaJuda." Umar akati: "Hamungatumi murume kuti ashevedzere Swalaah here?" Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), Allah ngavavape runyararo nemakomborero, vakati: «Iwe Bilal, simuka udaidzire munamato» [4]. [4] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (604), naMuslim: (377).
Nezve kubvumirana; Ummah yakabvumirana kuti zviviri izvi zviri pamutemo kuminamato mishanu:
Imam Ibn Qudaamah al-Maqdisi akati: "Ummah yakabvumirana kuti Adhaan yakaiswa pamutemo paminamato mishanu"[5]. [5] Al-Mughnī: (1/ 293).
Adhaan neIqaamah zvakasungirwa kuitwa nemunhu mumwe chete kuvarume kana vari munharaunda yavo kana parwendo paminamato mishanu kwete pane mimwe; nekuda kweHadith yaMaalik bin Al-Huwairith (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari ) vakati kwavari: «Kana nguva yemunamato (Swalaah yasvika, mumwe wenyu ngaadaidzire Adhaan, uye mukuru wenyu ngaakutungamirirei muSwaalah.» [6]. [6] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari, nhamba (628), naMuslim, nhamba (674).
Uye nekuti zvinhu zviviri izvi ndizvo zvimwe zviratidzo zveIslam zviri pachena, saka hazvitenderwi kuzvisiya.
Asi vakadzi havabvumirwi kuita Adhaan kana Iqaamah, zvingava kuti mukadzi ari kuita Swalaah ega, kana kuti ari kutungamirira vakadzi [7]. [7] Sharh al-Umdah yaIbn Taymiyyah - Bhuku reSwalaah (peji: 101).
Chikamu chechitatu: Kukosha kweAdhaan neIqaamah
Kukosha kweAdhaan nemaMuadhin kwakataurwa mundima zhinji, dzinosanganisira zvakanaka zvinotevera:
Muadhin ndemumwe wevanodaidzira kuna Allah (Mwari), uye ndemumwe wevanhu vakanakisa pakutaura, Allah (Mwari) Vekumusoro-soro vakataura kuti: "{Uye ndiani ari nani pakutaura kupfuura uyo anodana kuna Allah (Mwari), uye anoita mabasa akanaka, uye anoti: “Zvirokwazvo ini ndiri mumwe wemaMuslim.”} 33" [Fussilat: 33].
Vanhu vanoita Adhaan ndivo vanhu vachava nemitsipa mirefu kupfuura vese pazuva rekumutswa. Zvakataurwa kubva kuna Muawiyah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Ndakanzwa Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) achiti: «Vanodaidzira minamato ndivo vachava vanhu vane mitsipa yakarebesesa pazuva rekumutswa» [8]. [8] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (387).
Adhaan neIqaamah zvinodzinga Satan; Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye), akati Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vakati: «Kana kwave kushevedzerwa kuSwalaah, Satani anofuratira achibudisa mhepo, kuti asanzwe kushevedzerwa kweAdhaan, zvino kana Adhaan yapera anodzoka, kusvika apo Iqaamah yeSwalaah yaitwa - kureva kuti: Swalaah inenge yave pedyo nekuitwa - anofuratira, kusvika Iqaamah yapera, obva adzoka, kusvika akuisa pfungwa dzinovhiringidza mumunhu - kureva kuti: anozevezera - pakati pemunhu nemoyo wake, achiti kwaari: Yeuka zvakati, uye yeuka zvakati, kuzvinhu zvaanga asingayeuki kare, zvekuti munhu anosara asingazive kuti anamata maRaka'ah mangani...» [9]. [9] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (1222), naMuslim: (389).
Chinhu chese chinonzwa Adhaan yake chinopupurira Muadhin; Abdullah bin Abdul-Rahman Al-Ansari akati Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (Allah ngavafare naye) akati kwaari: "Zvirokwazvo ndinokuona uchida makwai uye kugara kumaruwa, saka kana uri pakati pemakwai ako, kana kumaruwa kwako, ukashevedzera Swalaah, simudza izwi rako neAdhaan, nekuti zvirokwazvo:" «Hapana jinn, kana munhu, kana chero chii zvacho chinonzwa panosvika izwi raMuadhin, kunze kwekuti chichamupupurira pazuva rekutongwa...» Abu Sa'id akati: Ndakazvinzwa kubva kune Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) [10]. [10] Yakarondedzerwa naBukhari: (609).
Zvirokwazvo, dai vanhu vaiziva kukosha kweAdhaan kuziva kwechokwadi, vangadai vaikwikwidzana zvikuru pairi, kureva kuti: vangadai vaikanda mijenya pakati pavo kuti vawane mukana weku shevedzera; Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: "«Dai vanhu vaiziva zviri mukushevedzera - kureva: Adhaan - nemumutsara wekutanga (paSwalaah), zvino vobva vashaya imwe nzira (yekusarudza vanozviita) kunze kwekukanda mujenya pazviri, vangadai vaikanda mujenya.»" [11]. [11] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (615), naMuslim: (437).
Muadhin anoregererwa kusvika panosvika izwi rake, uye anopupurirwa nezvinhu zvese zvinomunzwa, zvine hupenyu kana zvisina, uye anowana mubairo wakafanana neweuyo anonamata naye; nokuti uyo anotungamira munhu kuita zvakanaka akafanana neuyo anozviita. Al-Baraa bin 'Aazib (Allah ngavafare naye) akati Muporofita waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari vakati: «Zvirokwazvo Allah (Mwari) nengirozi dzavo vanotumira makomborero pamutsara wekutanga, uye mushevedzeri weSwaalah anoregererwa kusvika panogumira kunzwika izwi rake, uye zvese zvinomunzwa—zvine upenyu kana zvisina—zvinopupurira zvaanotaura, uye anowana mubairo wakafanana neweavo vanoita Swalaah pamwechete naye.» [12]. [12] Yakarondedzerwa naAhmad, nhamba (18506), naNasaa’i, nhamba (646). Al-Mundhiri akati muAt-Targhib wat-Tarhib (1/ 176): "Isnaad iyi yakanaka uye yakasimba." Uye Ibn al-Mulaqqin akati muAl-Badr al-Munir (3/ 385): "Isnad iyi yakasimba."
Chokwadi, Adhaan (kudanidzira kumunamato) ndechimwe chezviratidzo zvikurusa pazviratidzo zveIslam, uye ndiyo musiyano pakati penyika yevasingatendi nenyika yeIslam. Al-Bukhari akanyora chitsauko muSahih yake chine musoro unoti: "Chitsauko cheropa rinochengetedzwa neAdhaan" achibva aunza Hadith yaAnas bin Malik (Allah ngavafare naye) yekuti: "Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) pavaienda kunorwisa vanhu nesu, vaisatitungamira mukurwa kusvikira kwaedza voongorora. Kana vakanzwa Adhaan vaisavarwisa, asi vakasanzwa Adhaan vaivarwisa"[13]." [13] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (610), naMuslim: (382).
Imam Al-Khattabi akati: "Mune izvi mune tsananguro yekuti Adhaan chiratidzo chechitendero cheIslam, uye kuti inyaya yakasungirwa isingatenderwi kusiya, uye kunyangwe kana vagari venzvimbo vakawirirana kusiya Adhaan voramba kuiita, mutungamiri anofanira kurwisana navo pamusoro payo"[14]. "[14] A'lam al-Hadith Sharh Sahih al-Bukhari: (1/ 460)."
Chikamu chechina: Zvinodiwa zvekuti Adhaan neIqaamah zvive zvakarurama
1- Islam: naizvozvo hazvigamuchirwi kubva kumunhu asiri mutendi; nokuti zvese zviri zviviri kunamata, uye kunamata hakugamuchirwi kubva kumunhu asiri mutendi.
2- Njere: saka hazvitambirike kubva kumunhu anopenga, nemunhu akadhakwa, nemwana mudiki asati asvika pazera rekuziva, kufanana nemamwe mabasa ese ekunamata.
3- Chinangwa (niyyah): Saka hazvitambirwe pasinayo; nekuti (Adhaan neIqaamah) minamato miviri, uye munamato hautambirwe pasina niyyah; nekuda kwemashoko eMutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari ekuti: «Zvirokwazvo, mabasa anotongwa maererano nezvinangwa, uye zvirokwazvo munhu wese achawana zvaakananga» [15]. [15] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (1), naMuslim: (1907), kubva muhadith yaUmar bin Al-Khattab Allah ngavafadzwe naye.
4- Kuva murume: saka Adhaan yemukadzi kana Iqaamah yake hazvitambirwi.
5- Kuti Adhaan iitwe munguva yemunamato (Swalaah): saka haitambirwi kana nguva yayo isati yakwana; zvichibva muHadiith yaMaalik bin Al-Huwairith (Allah ngavafare naye) yekuti Muporofita vakati: «... Kana nguva yemunamato (Swalaah) yasvika, mumwe wenyu ngaadaidzire Adhaan, uye mukuru wenyu ngakutungamirirei (paSwalaah).» [16], Naizvozvo vakabatanidza murairo weAdhaan nekusvika kweSwalaah, uye kusvika kwayo hakuitiki kunze kwekunge nguva yayo yakwana, uye kuti Iqaamah iitwe pakuda kutanga kweSwalaah. [16] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (628), naMuslim: (674).
6- Kuti Adhaan - uyewo Iqaamah - ive yakarongeka: Uye zvinorehwa nekurongeka ndezvekuti: kuti Muadhin adaidzire mashoko eAdhaan neIqaamah zvichienderana nendima dzeShari'ah dzakauya dzichitsanangura maitirwo eAdhaan neIqaamah, pasina kutungamidza kana kunonotsa shoko kana mutsara pane mumwe; nokuti Adhaan munamato wakatsinhirwa pakurongeka uku, saka inofanira kuitwa semauyiro ayakaita; nekuti Mutumwa, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari vakati: «Ani naani anounza chinhu chitsva muchitendero chedu ichi chisiri machiri, chinorambwa.» "[17]." [17] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (2697), naMuslim: (1718), kubva muhadith yaAisha, Allah ngavafadzwe naye.
7- Kuti Adhaan - pamwe neIqaamah - zvive zvakatevedzana: Uye zvinorehwa nekutevedzana: kutevedzana pakati pemashoko eAdhan pasina kupatsanurwa nekutaura kana chiito, uye hapafanirwe kuve nguva yakareba pakati peshoko rimwe nerimwe.
8- Kuti Adhaan, pamwe chete neIqaamah, zvive mumutauro wechiArabhu uye nemashoko akauya muSunnah, isina kukanganisa kunoshandura zvainoreva.
9- Kukwidza izwi paAdhaan; nekuti kana Muadhin akadzikisa izwi rake zvekuti anongozvinzwa iye ega chete, chinangwa chekuiswa pamutemo kweAdhaan hachizadzikiswi; nekuti Mutumwa, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari vakati: «Saka mumwe wenyu ngaakudeedzerei kumunamato» [18], uye izvi zvinoratidza kusimudza izwi kuitira kuti vamwe vanzwe; ndiko kuti chinangwa chekunzwikwa pakuzivisa chibudirire. Saka kana Muadhin achidaidzira Adhaan yake pachake kana kuidaidzirira umwe munhu aripo naye, haasungirwe kusimudza izwi pakuiita, asi anosimudza izwi rake zvakaringana kuti azvinzwe iye pachake kana kuti anzwike neuyo aripo naye. Asi kana akasimudza izwi rake kupfuura ipapo zvinenge zviri nani; nekuda kweHadith yaAbu Sa’id Al-Khudri (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) kubva kuMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari inoti: «.. Saka kana uri pakati pemakwai ako kana kumaruwa kwako ukadaidzira Adhaan, kwidza izwi rako paAdhaan; nekuti zvirokwazvo hapana Jinn, kana munhu, kana chinhu chinonzwa kusvika panogumira izwi reMu'adhin, kunze kwekuti chichamupupurira paZuva rekutongwa.» [19]. [18] Kutongwa kwayo kwambotaurwa mumashure. [19] Kutongwa kwayo kwambotaurwa mumashure.
Chikamu chechishanu: Mamwe maitiro anofanirwa kuve pana Muadhin
1- Anofanira kuve anozivikanwa nekururama uye kutwasuka; nekuda kwemashoko aMutumwa, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, ekuti: "Imam mutarisiri (anotakura mutoro), uye Mu'adhin munhu akavimbika. Veduwe-e Allah, tungamirirai maImaam, uye kanganwirai maMu'adhin." [20] Uye Muadhin ndiye anovimbwa naye nezvenguva dzemunamato (Swalaah) nekutsanya, uye kuvimbika uku hakuzadziswi kunze kwekunge munhu akarurama, saka Muadhin haafaniri kuva munhu anoita zvakaipa, kana anoita zvivi pachena, kana asina hunhu. [20] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud, nhamba (517), naTirmidhi, nhamba (207).
2- Anofanira kuve abvazera; nekuti Adhaan yemunhu abvazera yakanyanya kukwana, uye Adhaan yemukomana ava nekunzwisisa inotenderwa chero bedzi achiita Adhaan munguva, saka paanoita Adhaan, Adhaan yake inokwana; nekuti kuburikidza nayo panoitika chiziviso chekukwana kwenguva.
3- Anofanira kuve neruzivo rwenguva; kuitira kuti adzicherechedze, obva aita Adhaan pakutanga kwadzo; nekuti kana asina ruzivo nadzo hapana chivimbo chekuti haangakanganisi kana kutadza.
4- Anofanira kuve neizwi rakasimba; zvichibva muHadith yaAbdullah bin Zaid (Allah ngavafare naye) maererano nechiroto cheAdhaan, apo Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive kwavari vakati kwaari: "“Zvirokwazvo, idzi ihope dzechokwadi, saka simuka uende naBilaal nekuti izwi rake rakanaka uye rinonzwika kure kupfuura rako, saka muudze izvo zvakataurwa kwauri, uye ngaashevedzere nazvo.”" [21], Uye zvinoreva: "«Uye ane izwi rinosvika kure kupfuura rako»" Kureva kuti: ane izwi riri pamusoro uye rakakwirira kukunda rako, uye uhu humbowo hwekukurudzirwa kwekuti muadhin ave neizwi riri pamusoro uye rinonzwika zvakanyanya; nokuti izwi riri pamusoro rinosvika kure mukuzivisa kweAdhaan [22]. [21] Yakarondedzerwa naAt-Tirmidhi: (189), uye vakati: "IHadith yakanaka uye yechokwadi." [22] Tarisa (bhuku rinonzi): Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi: (1/ 481).
5- Anofanira kuve neizwi rakanaka; zvichibva pakutaura kwavo Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwavari) muHadith yaAbdullah bin Zayd (Allah ngavafare naye) yambotaurwa yekuti: "«Nokuti zvirokwazvo iye ane izwi rakanaka uye rinonzwika kure kupfuura rako»." Kureva kuti: izwi rakanakisa uye rinotapirisa.
6- Anofanira kuve akachena kubva tsvina diki (al-Hadath al-Asghar) netsvina hombe (al-Hadath al-Akbar); nokuti Adhaan neIqaamah kurangarira (Dhikr) Allah Samasimba vanokudzwa, uye uyo anoita Dhikr zvinokurudzirwa kuti ave akachena.
7- Anofanira kuita Adhaan akamira; nekuda kwekutaura kweMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, kuti: «Iwe Bilal, simuka, ushevedzere munamato. [23] Ibn al-Mundhir akataura kuti: "Vakabvumirana kuti zviri Sunnah kuti Muadhin ashevedzere Adhaan akamira"[24]. [23] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (604), naMuslim: (377), kubva muhadith yaIbn Umar Allah ngavafadzwe naye iye nababa vake. [24] (Bhuku rinonzi) Al-Ijmaa’ yaIbn al-Mundhir: (peji 38).
8- Anofanira kuita Adhaan akatarisa kuQiblah; nekuda kwezvakauya mune imwe nhaurwa yeHadith yaAbdullah bin Zaid, Allah ngavafare naye, muhope dzeAdhaan, akati: ""Akabva atarisa kuQiblah, akati: Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar. . . (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa. . .)"[25]," Ibn al-Mundhir akati: "Uye vakabvumirana kuti zviri Sunnah kutarisa kuQiblah paAdhan"[26]. [25] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (507). [26] Al-Ijmaa' yaIbn Al-Mundhir: (peji 38).
9- Muadhin anofanira kuise minwe yake yekunongedza mukati menzeve dzake; nekuti Bilal (Allah ngavafare naye) aiita izvozvo paaita Adhaan yake pamberi peMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari ). Abu Juhaifah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: "Ndakaona Bilal achishevedzera kumunamato (Swalaah) uye achitendeuka, achitendeudza muromo wake kuno, nekuno, uye zvigunwe zvake zviri munzeve dzake, uye Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vari mutende ravo dzvuku..."[27]. [27] Zvakarondedzerwa naAt-Tirmidhi: (197), uye akati: iHadith yakanaka, yakarurama, uye mavambo ayo ari muSahih Al-Bukhari (634) nemashoko anoti: kubva kuna Awn bin Abi Juhaifah, kubva kuna baba vake, akati akaona Bilal achishevedzera, saka ndakatanga kutevera muromo wake uku neuku pakuita Adhaan.
Imam at-Tirmidhi mushure mekushuma kwake nhaurwa iyi akati: ""Uye ndizvo zvinoitwa nevanhu veruzivo: vanokurudzira kuti muadhin aise minwe yake mukati menzeve dzake pakuita Adhaan.""
Uye Ibn Shubrumah akabvunzwa kuti sei muadhin akarairwa kuti aise minwe yake mukati menzeve dzake? Akati: "Kuti izwi rive rakasimba..."[28]. [28] "Al-Awsat" (4/11).
Uye An-Nawawi, Allah (Mwari) ngavamunzwire tsitsi, akati: "Sunnah ndeyekuti aise minwe yake mukati menzeve dzake, uye izvi zvakabvumiranwa, uye zvakataurwa naAl-Mahamili muAl-Majmu' kubva kuruzhinji rwenyanzvi dzeruzivo. Vadzidzi vemadhhab yedu vakati: Uye mune chimwe chakanakira kuita saizvozvo, ndechekuti pamwe munhu angasanzwa inzwi rake nekuda kwehumatsi kana kuva kure kana zvimwewo, saka anozoziva nezveAdhan yake kuburikidza neminwe yake" [29]. [29] Sharh Al-Muhadhdhab (3/113).
10- Anofanira kucheuka kurudyi kana achiti, "Hayya 'alaa as-swalaah (huyai kuswalaah)", pakucheuka kwake kwose kuviri, nekuruboshwe zvakare kana achiti, "Hayya 'alaa al-falaah (huyai kubudiriro)", pakucheuka kwake kwose kuviri, uku tsoka dzake dzakagadzikana pasi; nekuda kweHadith yaAbu Juhaifah (Allah ngavafadzwa naye) nezveAdhaan yaBilaal (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) pamberi paMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) paakati: «Ndakabva ndatanga kutevera muromo wake, uku nokuku, achiti kurudyi nokuruboshwe: Hayya alas-Swalaah, Hayya alal-Falaah (Huyai kumunamato, huyai kubudiriro)» [30]; Uye nokuti zvinoita kuti shevedzo yeSwalah inzwike zviri nani kune avo vari kure neMasjid. [30] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (634), naMuslim: (503), uye mashoko ndeaMuslim.
11- Anofanira kuita Adhaan zvakadzikama, kureva kuita zvishoma nezvishoma mairi, pasina kukweva kana kurebesa zvakanyanyisa; nekuti Adhaan chiziviso kune avo vasipo paMasjid saka kuita zvakadzikama mairi kunonyatsosvitsa shoko. Asi anokurumidza pakuita Iqaamah, kureva kuita nekukasira mairi; nekuti chiziviso kune varipo saka kukurumidza kwakakodzera pairi[31]. [31] Tarisa (Bhuku rinonzi): Al-Mughnii raIbn Qudaamah: (1/ 295).
12- Anofanira kuita Adhaan sezvayakatarwa nezwi rinyoro uye riri nyore, pasina kuzvimanikidza kana kukanganisa, uye asingaiiti nenzira yekuimba, kana kuirebesa zvinoibvisa pachinangwa chayo, asi kuti Muadhin aiite nezwi rake, achitevedzera zviga zvayo netsika dzayo dzeSharia.
Chikamu Chechitanhatu: Maitirwo weAdhaan neIqaamah
Adhaan neIqaamah zvine maitirwo akataurwa mundima dzechiporofita, saka pane zvakataurwa pamusoro pemaitirwo eAdhaan neIqaamah pane Hadeeth yaAbdullah bin Zaid, Allah ngavafare naye, uye mazwi eAdhaan mairi ndeaya:
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa).
Ash-hadu an Laa ilaaha illalah, ash-hadu an Laa ilaaha illalah (Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari) .)
Ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah, ash-hadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah (Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah, ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah.)
Hayya 'ala asw-swalaah (Huyai kuSwalah), Hayya 'ala asw-swalaah (Huyai kuSwalah).
Hayya 'alal falaah (Huyai kubudiriro), Hayya 'alal falaah (Huyai kubudiriro).
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa).
Laa ilaaha illalah (Hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari) .)
Uye mazwi eIqaamah ndeekuti:
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa).
Ash-hadu an Laa ilaaha illalah, ash-hadu an Laa ilaaha illalah (Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari))
Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-Rasulullah (Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari).)
Hayya 'ala asw-swalaah (Huyai kuSwalah), Hayya 'alal falaah (Huyai kubudiriro).
Qad qaamati Swalaah (Swalaah yavekutanga), Qad qaamati Swalaah (Swalaah yavekutanga).
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa).
Laa ilaah illalah (Hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah).[32] [32] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawuud panhamba (499), uye naAt-Tirmidhi muchidimbu panhamba (189), uye akati: "Hadith yaAbdullah bin Zaid iHadith yakanaka uye ndeyechokwadi."
Saka aya ndiwo maitirwo eAdhaan neIqaamah ayo Bilal (Allah ngavafare naye) aigara achiita nguva dzose pamwe naMutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, kana vari pamba kana parwendo, kusvikira vashaya, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari.
Uye muAdhaan yeFajr mushure mekuti: Hayya 'alal Falaah (Huyai kubudiriro), anofanira kutaura kuti: Asw-swalaatu khairun Mina-n-nawm (Swalaah iri nani kudarika kurara; kaviri); nekuda kwekuti Abu Mahdhurah (Allah ngavamufarire) akarondedzera kuti Mutumwa (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakati kwaari: Kana uri munamato (Swalaah) wenguva yemambakwedza unoti: "Asw-swalaatu khairun mina-n-nawm, asw-swalaatu khairun mina-n-nawm." (Swalaah iri nani kudarika kurara, Swalaah iri nani kudarika kurara). [33]. [33] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (500), An-Nawawi akati muKhulaasat al-Ahkaam (1/ 286): Ihadiith yakanaka.
Uye kune mamwe maitirwo eAdhan anova Tarjii', kureva kudzokorora, apo anodzikisa izwi rake pakuita maShahadah maviri, zvadaro anobva amadzokorora akasimudza izwi. Uye paIqamah anoiita kaviri kaviri. Uye maitirwo aya akabuda muHadiith yaAbu Mahdhurah (Allah ngavafare naye), paakati: Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, vakandidzidzisa kushevedzera Adhaan ivo pachavo, vakati: «Taura kuti: Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa Allah ndivo vakurusa), Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illa llah, Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illa llah (Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari) ), Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-rasulullah, Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-rasuolullah (Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari) ) - kaviri kaviri - Akati: Zvadaro dzokorora, wosimudzira izwi rako: woti: Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illa llah, Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illa llah (Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari)), Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-rasulullah, Ash-hadu anna Muhammadar-rasulullah (Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari) Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari) ), Hayya alasw-swalaah, Hayya alasw-swalaah (Huyai kumunamato, Huyai kumunamato, Hayya alal-falaah, Hayya alal-falaah (Huyai kubudiriro, Huyai kubudiriro, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo vakurusa, Allah ndivo vakurusa), Laa ilaaha illallahu (Hakuna mumwe mwari kunze kwaAllah).»
«Iqaamatu kuti: Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallahu, ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallahu, ash-hadu anna Muhammada-r- Rasuulullahi, ash-hadu anna Muhammada-r-Rasuulullahi, hayya alasw-swalaah, hayya alas-swalaah, hayya alal-falaah, hayya alal-falaah, qad qaamatisw-swalaatu, qad qaamatisw-swalaatu, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, Laa ilaaha illallahu» ( Allah ndivo mukurusa Allah ndivo mukurusa, Allah ndivo mukurusa Allah ndivo mukurusa, Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakafanira kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakafanira kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), Huyai kumunamato, Huyai kumunamato, Huyai kubudiriro, Huyai kubudiriro, Swalaah yave kutoitwa, Swalaah yave kutoitwa, Allah ndivo mukurusa Allah ndivo mukurusa, Hapana chakafanira kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah) [34]. [34] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (502, 503).
Uye uku ndiko kusiyana kwemhando dzakasiyana (dzekuita Adhaan neIqaamah, chero ipi yenzira idzi dzakatsinhirwa inosarudzwa neMuadhin yakanaka. Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati mushure mekunge ataura dzimwe mhando dzeAdhaan dzakatsinhirwa: "Kana zvadaro, chakarurama igwara revadzidzi veHadith neavo vanowirirana navo, kunove kutendera zvose zvakatsinhirwa maererano neizvozvo kubva kuMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari). havashori chero chinhu kubva pane izvozvo; nekuti kusiyana-siyana kwemaitirwo eAdhaan neIqaamah kwakafanana nekusiyana-siyana kwemaitirwo emaQira'at nemaTashahhud nezvimwe zvakadaro, uye hazvitenderwi kune ani zvake avenge izvo Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakaisa seSunnah kuUmmah yavo." [35]. [35] Majmuu' Al-Fataawaa: (22/ 66).
Chikamu chechinomwe: Zvinotaurwa nemunzwi weAdhaan, uye neDua yaanoita mushure mayo
Zvinokurudzirwa kune uyo anonzwa Adhaan kuti ataure sezvinotaurwa naMuadhin; zvichibva muHadith yaAbu Sa'eed Al-Khudri (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) yekuti Muporofita ﷺ akati: «Kana mukanzwa Adhaan, taurai sezvinotaurwa naMuadhin.» [36]. Kunze kwemaHai'alatain - ayo ari mazwi eMuadhin anoti: Hayya 'ala asw-Swalaah (Huyai kuSwalaah), Hayya 'alal-Falaah (Huyai kubudiriro) - zvinokurudzirwa kune uyo anonzwa Adhaan kuti ataure mushure memazwi aya ese kuti: «Lā ḥawla wa lā quwwata illā billāh» "Hakuna simba kana kugona kunze kwaAllah." ; zvichibva munhaurwa yaUmar bin al-Khattwaab (Allah ngavafare naye) umo akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) akati: "«Kana Muadhin akati: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar (Allah ndivo Mukurusa, Allah ndivo Mukurusa), mumwe wenyu akati: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar; zvadaro akati: Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallahu (Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakafanira kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari) ), iye akati: Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallahu; zvadaro akati: Ash-hadu anna muhammadan rasuulullah (Ndinopupura kuti Muhammad Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari) ), iye akati: Ash-hadu anna Muhammadan-r-Rasuulullah; zvadaro akati: Hayya alaa swalaah (Huyai kuSwalaah), iye akati: Laa hawla walaa quwwata illaa billaah (Hapana zano uye hapana simba kunze kwaAllah); zvadaro akati: Hayya alal falaah (Huyai kubudiriro), iye akati: Laa hawla walaa quwwata illaa billaah; zvadaro akati: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, iye akati: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar; zvadaro akati: Laa ilaaha illallahu (Hakuna mumwe mwari kunze kwaAllah), iye akati: Laa ilaaha illallahu kubva pamoyo wake, anopinda muParadhiso.»" "[37]." [36] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (611), naMuslim: (383). [37] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (385).
Uye anofanira kutaura kuti: Ash-hadu an lā ilāha illallāhu waḥdahu lā sharīka lahu, wa anna Muḥammadan ‘abduhu wa rasūluhu, raḍītu billāhi rabban, wa bi-Muḥammadin rasūlan, wa bil-Islāmi dīnan (Ndinopupura kuti hapana akakodzera kunamatwa pachokwadi kunze kwaAllah (Mwari), vari vega, havana mubatsiri, uye kuti Muhammad muranda wavo neMutumwa wavo, ndinogutsikana naAllah (Mwari) saTenzi, naMuhammad seMutumwa, uye neIslam sechitendero) mushure mehuchapupu huviri.
Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) akati: "«Uyo anotaura paanonzwa Muadhin achiti: “Ash’hadu an laa ilaaha illallahu wahdahu laa sharika lahu, wa anna muhammadan abduhu warasooluh, radhiitu billahi rabban, wabi muhammadin rasulan, wabil islaami diinan." Ndinopupura kuti hapana chakafanirwa kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah (Mwari) vari voga vasina wavanosanganiswa navo, uye kuti Muhammad Muranda neMutumwa wavo, ndagutsikana naAllah (Mwari) saTenzi, naMuhammad seMutumwa, uye neIslam sechitendero; anoregererwa zvivi zvake.» [38]." [38] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (386).
Uye kana Muadhin akati paAdhaan yemunamato (Swalaah) wenguva yemambakwedza: Asw-swalaatu khairun Mina-n-nawm (Swalaah iri nani kudarika kurara,) zvirokwazvo uyo anoteerera anofanira kutaura zvakafanana naizvozvo; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakati: «Kana makanzwa shevedzo yemunamato (Swalaah), chitaurai sezvinotaurwa neMuadhin» [39]. [39] Yakabvumiranwa naAl-Bukhari naMuslim.
Pedzezvo anonamatira Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dza Allah ngazvive kwaari), zvadaro anotaura zvakataurwa muHadith kubva kwaari (rugare netsitsi dza Allah ngazvive kwaari) kuti akati: "«Uyo anotaura paanonzwa Adhaan achiti: “Allahumma rabba haadhihi ad-da’wati taammah waswalaatul qaaimah aati Muhammadanil wasiilata walfadhiilah wab’athuhu maqaamah mahmuudah ladHi wa’attah. Veduwe-e Allah, imi Tenzi veshevedzo iyi yakakwana (Adhaan), uye weSwaalah ichaitwa, ipai Muhammad chinzvimbo chepamusoro nerukudzo, uye mozomumutsa (musi wekutongwa) momuisa pachinzvimbo chinorumbidzwa chamakamuvimbisa”, achawana kureverera kwangu musi wekutongwa.»" [40], uye zvinoreva: “Shevedzo yakakwana” Kureva kuti: shevedzero yeAdhaan, yakakwana zvizere; nekuti inosanganisira kukudzwa kwaAllah (Mwari) nekutenda muhumwechete hwavo, nekupupurira huporofita, uye nekudanidzira kune zvakanaka. «Uye Swalaah ichaitwa» Kureva kuti: ichaitwa (munguva pfupi iri kutevera). «Nzira» Chinzvimbo kuParadhiso. "Chiremera chakanaka" Chinzvimbo chepamusoro chisina mumwe munhu anogovana naye machiri. «Chinzvimbo chinorumbidzwa» Chinzvimbo chinorumbidzwa: chinzvimbo chese chaanorumbidzwa nacho nevanhu pachiri, uye mune izvozvo munosanganisira kureverera kukuru kuzvisikwa zvese, uko kwaachanoreverera kuvanhu vakaungana (pazuva rekutongwa) kusvikira kutongwa kwaitwa pakati pavo. [40] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (614) kubva muhadith yaJabir (Allah vafadzwe naye).
Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As, Allah ngavafare naye iye nababa vake akanzwa Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) vachiti: «Kana muchinzwa Muadhin, taurai zvakafanana nezvaanotaura, zvadaro mundikumbirira makomborero; nokuti zvirokwazvo uyo anondikumbirira makomborero kamwe chete, Allah (Mwari) vanomukomborera kakapetwa kagumi. Zvadaro ndikumbirirei kuna Allah (Mwari) chinzvimbo chepamusoro, nokuti inzvimbo iri kuJannah isingakodzeri chero ani zvake kunze kwemuranda mumwe chete kubva muvaranda vaAllah (Mwari), uye ndinovimba kuti muranda iyeye ndichava ini. Saka uyo anondikumbirira chinzvimbo chepamusoro ichi, achakodzera kuwana rureverero rwangu.» [41]. [41] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (384).
Zvinhu zvitsva (Bid'ah) zvakaunzwa muAdhaan, zvinosanganisira Muadhin anofanira kusimudza izwi achikumbirira rugare nemakomborero kune Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) mushure meAdhan. Uye zvakare kutaura dhikr yakashumwa mumashure meAdhaan,inoti: (Allahumma Rabba haadhihi ad-da’wati taammah . . . «Veduwe-e Allah! Ndimi Tenzi veshevedzo iyi yakakwana . . .» ) vari pamwechete segungano, Uye kusimudza maoko pakuita du'a iri. Uye kuwedzerwa kunoitwa neuyo anonzwa Adhaan odzokorora zvataurwa neMuadhin izwi rekuti Haqqan (Zvirokwazvo) kana Abadan (Kusingaperi) pamutsara wekupedzisira, paanoti: "Haqqan Laa ilaah illallah" (Zvirokwazvo hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah) kana "Abadan Laa ilaah illallah" (Kusingaperi hapana chakakodzera kunamatwa kunze kwaAllah); nekuda kwekushaikwa kwehumbowo pane zvose izvi.
Chikamu chechisere: Mutongo wekubuda mumasjid mumashure mekunge Adhaan yaitwa
Zvinorambidzwa kuti munhu abude muMasjid mumashure mekunge Adhaan yaitwa kusvika aita Swalaah, kunze kwekunge aine chikonzero chinogamuchirika, kana kuti aine chinangwa chekuzodzoka kuMasjid, ipapo hapana mhosva kwaari; sezvakashumwa naAbu Ash-Sha'thaa' akati: "«Takanga takagara muMasjid pamwechete naAbu Hurairah, Mu'adhin akabva adaidzira Adhaan, mumwe murume akabva asimuka muMasjid achifamba, Abu Hurairah akabva amutevera nemaziso ake kusvikira abuda muMasjid, akabva ati: "Kana ari uyu, zvirokwazvo haana kuteerera Abul-Qaasim (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari)» [42]." [42] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (655).
At-Tirmidhi akati mushure mekushuma kwake Hadith iyi muSunan yake: ""Uye izvi ndizvo zvinotevedzerwa nevanhu veruzivo kubva kumaSwahaaba eMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) neavo vakauya mumashure mavo: kuti hapana munhu anofanira kubuda muMasjid mumashure mekunge Adhaan yaitwa, kunze kwekunge aine chikonzero chinogamuchirika: chekuti anenge asina wudhu, kana kuti paine chinhu chakakosha chisinganzvengeki" [43]." [43] Sunan At-Tirmidhi: (1/ 397), nhamba (204).
Chikamu chepfumbamwe: Inguva yakadii iri pakati peAdhaan neIqaamah?
Zvakataurwa muSunnah zvinoratidza kuti paive nenguva yakakwana pakati peAdhaan neIqaamah. Abdullah bin Mughaffal (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakataura kuti: "Pakati peAdhaan mbiri dzega dzega pane Swalaah, pakati peAdhaan mbiri dzega dzega pane Swalaah", zvadaro akati kechitatu: "Kune uyo anoda." [44]. Uye zvinorehwa neAdhaan mbiri: Adhaan neIqaamah. Saka Muadhin anofanira kusiya nguva pakati peAdhaan yake neIqaamah yake kuti vanhu varipo vakwanise kuita maRak'ah maviri kusati kwaitwa Swalaah, uye kuti vanhu vanonamata pamasjid iyoyo vasvike vabate Swalaah. "[44] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (627), naMuslim: (838)."
Imam Ahmad akati: "Zvinokurudzirwa kune Muadhin kuti kana aita Adhaan asakurumidze kuita Iqaamah, uye anombomira kusvikira vanhu vepamasjid vauya, uye kuti uyo akamanikidzika - uyo anoda kuenda kuchimbuzi - apedza kuzvibatsira kwake, osiya nguva yekumbomira pakati peAdhaan yake neIqaamah yake"[45]. [45] Sharh Umdat al-Fiqh raIbn Taymiyyah, Bhuku reSwalaah: (peji 135).
Chikamu chegumi: Basa reMuadhin netsika dzake.
Muadhin anofanirwa kuti aitire Adhaan kufadza Allah (Mwari) vekumusoro-soro neAdhaan yake; zvichibva muHadith yaUthman bin Abi Al-Aas (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: «Zvirokwazvo, chimwe chezvinhu zvekupedzisira zvandakarairwa naMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero zvaAllah ngazvive pavari) ndechekuti ndigadze Muadhin asingatambire mubhadharo paAdhaan yake» [46]. [46] Yakarondedzerwa naat-Tirmidhi: (209), uye akati: "Hadith iyi yakanaka."
At-Tirmidhi, Allah (Mwari) vave netsitsi naye, akati mushure mekushuma kwake Hadith iyi: "Vadzidizi vechitendero vakatevedzera izvi uyezve vaitenda kuti hazvidikanwi kuti Muadhin atore muripo paAdhan, uye vakakurudzira kune Muadhin kuti atarisire mubairo kuna Allah (Mwari) paAdhan yake."
Asi kupa Muadhin mubhadharo kubva muhomwe yepfuma yemaMuslim, hapana mhosva pazviri; nekuti homwe yepfuma yakagadzirirwa zvakanakira maMuslim, uye Adhaan neIqaamah ndezvimwe zvezvakanakira maMuslim [47]. [47] Tarisa (bhuku rinonzi): Adhaan neIqaamah raAl-Qahtaani: (peji 19).
Uye zvinosungirwa kuti azive kuti ane mutoro weAdhaan yeSwalaah shanu panguva dzacho; zvichibva pakutaura kweMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero zvaAllah ngazvive kwaari): "Imam ane mutoro (anozvidavirira), uye Muadhin ndiye anovimbwa naye." [48] Kureva: kuti akavimbika panguva dzeSwalaah, saka anosungirwa kuuya kuMasjid ane Wudhu pachine nguva yakakwana nguva yeAdhaan isati yakwana, uye haafaniri kushaika paAdhaan kunze kwekunge aine chikonzero, uye kana zvadaro anosungirwa kugadza munhu anomumiririra pakuita Adhaan. [48] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud, nhamba (517), naat-Tirmidhi, nhamba (207), kubva muhadith yaAbu Hurairah, Allah ngavafare naye.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinotarisirwa kuna Muadhin:
(1) Anofanira kuve nehanya nehutsanana hweMasjid nekuchengetedzwa kwayo, uye kuti ave anoshandira pamwe nevashandi vepaMasjid nevanhu vanonamata paMasjid pane izvozvo; nekuti zvirokwazvo Allah (Mwari) vakarumbidza vanochengetedza dzimba dzavo, apo vakati: {Zvirokwazvo, maMasjid aAllah (Mwari) anofanirwa kugadzirwa neavo vanotenda muna Allah (Mwari) nezuva rekupedzisira, vanoita Swalaah, vachipa zakaah, uye vasingatyi mumwe muhu kunze kwaAllah. Zvino ava ndivo vanotarisirwa kuva pakati peavo vakapihwa gwara rakanaka...18} [At-Tawbah: 18] Izvi zvingave kuchengetedza kwavo maMasjid kuburikidza nekumavaka, kumagadzirisa nekumachenesa, kana kuburikidza nekuita Swalaah nemazvo nekurangarira Allah (Mwari) imomo. Saka zvinhu zviviri izvi ndizvo zvinorehwa nekuchengetedza maMasjid[49]. [49] Tarisa: Fath Al-Baarii yaIbn Hajar: 1/ 541.
(2) Anofanira kudzidza Aqeedah (kutenda kwakarurama), nemitemo yeAdhaan, kuchena, neSwalah, uye kuti azive nemusoro chikamu chakaringana kubva muBhuku raAllah, uye kuti ave akakodzera kumiririra Imaam kana asipo paSwalaah.
(3) Anofanira kuraira zvakanaka, achirambidza zvakaipa, uye kukoka vanhu kuna Allah (Mwari) Vekumusoro-soro nehuchenjeri nemharidzo yakanaka, uye kuti ave munyoro kuvanhu, atsungirire pakushungurudzwa navo, uye abatsirane pane izvozvo naImam weMasjid.
(4) Anofanira kuita ku Masjid ive yakatsaurirwa ruzivo nekunamata chete, nezvinobatsira vanonamata, uye kuti ive kure nezvese zvinovakuvadza muchitendero chavo nehupenyu hwavo hwepano pasi.
(5) Anofanira kuve anowirirana nekubatsirana nevanhu vanonamata paMasjid nevanouyapo, obvunza nezvavo kana vasipo, uye kushanyira varwere vavo, kuita minamato (Swalaah) yevafi, pakati pevafi vavo nekuvaperekedza kumarinda, uye omira navo mumatambudziko nemunhamo.
Chikamu Chechipiri: Mitemo yevatungamiri vepami Imaam
Chikamu chekutanga: Tsananguro yekuve Imaam (Imaamah).
Kutungamira munamato (Swalaah): murume mumwechete kubva muvanamati anofanira kuenda pamberi; kuitira kuti vamutevere paSwalaah yavo. Uye Imaam paSwalaah: ndeuyo anotevedzerwa - kureva kuti: anoteverwa - nevanhu paSwalaah yavo[50]. [50] Tarisa: Haashiyah Ar-Rawdh Al-Murbi': (2/ 296), Al-Imaamah Fisw-Swalaah yaAl-Qahtaani: (peji 6).
Chikamu Chechipiri: Kubvumidzwa kwekutungamira paSwaalah uye kukosha kwako
Kutungamirira Swalaah saImaam ndechimwe chemabasa akanakisa anoitwa nevanhu vakanakisa, vane hunhu hwakanaka hwakaita seruzivo, kuverenga, ruramisiro nezvimwewo sezvichauya mberi, uye Swalaah yegungano haikwanisike kufungidzirwa kuitika pasina mutungamiri. iUye Swalaah yegungano ndechimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru kwazvo zveIslam[51]. [51] Tarisa: Al-Mawsu'ah Al-Fiqhiyyah Al-Kuwaitiyyah: (6/ 201).
Zvinhu zvakanakira kutungamira paSwalaah zvinosanganisira:
1- Kukosha kwekuve Imaam kune mukurumbira. Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, vakatora chinzvimbo ichi ivo pachavo, zvimwechetezvo nevadzidzi vavo avo vakatungamirirwa kugwara rakarurama. Uye chinzvimbo ichi chakaramba chichitorwa nevakanakisa pakati pemaMuslim paruzivo uye nepakuita mabasa akanaka[52]. [52] Tarisa: Al-Imaamah fisw-Swalaah raAl-Qahtwaani: (peji 9).
2- Kutungamirira paSwalaah chinzvimbo chepamutemo wechitendero chine kukosha chinobatwa nevanhu vakakosha; sekutaura kweMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari): "«Anotungamirira vanhu ndiye uyo anonyanya kugona kuverenga Bhuku raAllah (Mwari) pakati pavo...»" [53], uye zvinozivikanwa kuti uyo anonyanya kugona kuverenga Qur’an ndiye ari nani; saka kunzi atungamire Swalaah kunoratidza kukwirira kwekutungamira Swalaah. [54]. [53] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (673) kubva muhadith yaAbu Mas'ud Al-Ansari, Allah ngavafare naye. [54] Tarisa: Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' 'alaa Zaad al-Mustaqni': (2/ 41).
3- Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakaitira maImam du'a kuti vatungamirirwe. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: "Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Imam ndiye ane mutoro (wekuona kuti Swalaah yaita nemazvo), uye Muadhin ndiye anovimbwa naye. Veduwe-e Allah, tungamirirai maImaam, uye regererai maMuadhin.) [55]. [55] Yakarondewa naAbu Dawud, nhamba (517), naat-Tirmidhi, nhamba (207).
Uye zvinoreva kuti: «Imaam ndiye ane mutoro» Kureva kuti: ndiye ane mutoro wekuona kuti Swalaah yevanomutevedzera yaitika nemazvo; nekuda kwekubatana kweSwalaah yavo neSwalaah yake. Uye zvinoreva kuti: "Veduwe-e Allah (Mwari), tungamirirai maImaam," kureva kuti: vatungamirirei kunzira yakarurama; kuti vaite Swalaah nenzira yakakwana [56]. "[56] Tarisa: Sharh Abu Dawud yaAl-Ayni: (2/ 468), uye Faydh al-Qadiir yaAl-Munaawi: (3/ 182)."
Chikamu Chechitatu: Ndiani anonyanya kukodzera kuva Imaam
Mutumwa (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakajekesa maererano nezve uyo ane kodzero yakanyanya pakuve Imaam uye anonyanya kufanirwa kupihwa chinzvimbo ichi. Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, vakataura kuti: «Anotungamirira vanhu ndiye anonyanya kugona kuverenga Bhuku raAllah, kana vakaenzana mukuverenga, anonyanya kuziva Sunnah ndiye anotungamira, kana vakaenzana muSunnah, akavatangira kuita Hijrah ndiye anotungamira, kana vakaenzana paHijrah, akavatangira kupinda muIslam ndiye anotungamira - uye mune imwe nhaurwa makanzi: mukuru pazera - uye murume ngaarege kutungamirira mumwe murume panzvimbo yake yaanotonga.» [57]. Saka vanhu vane kodzero yekutanga uye vanonyanya kukodzera kuve Imaam sezvinotevera: [57] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (673).
1- Uyo anoziva Qur'an nemusoro zvakanyanya kudarika vamwe, uye anoverenga zvakanakisisa, anova uyo anogonesa kuverenga Qur'an uye achiriverenga nenzira yakakwana zvizere, aine ruzivo rwemitemo yeSwalaah. Saka kana pakasangana uyo anoverenga zvakanyanya, neuyo anoverenga zvishoma kwaari asi aine ruzivo rweFiqh rwakanyanya, muverengi ane ruzivo rweFiqh rwakanyanya anoiswa pekutanga kudarika muverengi anoverenga zvakanyanya asi asina ruzivo rweFiqh, nekuti kudiwa kweruzivo rweFiqh muSwalaah nemitemo yayo kwakakosha kudarika kudiwa kwekugonesa kuverenga.
2- Kwozotevera uyo anoziva Sunnah zvakanyanya, kana maImaam maviri achinge asangana akaenzana mukuverenga, asi mumwe wavo achinyanya kunzwisisa (Fiqh) uye achiziva Sunnah zvakanyanya, uyo anonyanya kuziva Fiqh ndiye anoiswa mberi, nekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Kana vakaenzana mukuverenga, uyo anonyanya kuziva nezveSunnah pakati pavo ndiye anotungamira.»
3- Kozotevera uyo ane nguva refu uye akatangira vamwe mukutama (Hijrah) kubva kunyika yevanhu vasingatendi kuenda kunyika yeIslam, Kana vakaenzana mukuverenga neruzivo rweSunnah; nekuda kwemazwi aMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paVari) ekuti: «Kana vakaenzana muSunnah, uyo akavatangira kuita Hijrah ndiye anotungamira.»
4- Zvadaro uya akatanga kupinda muIslam, kana vakaenzana paHijrah; nekuda kwekutaura kwake (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) muHadith yadarika kuti: «Kana vakaenzana muHijrah, akatanga kupinda muIslam ndiye anotungamira» kureva kuti: kuve muMuslam.
5- Kozotevera mukuru pazera, kana vakaenzana muzvinhu zvese zvapfuura; zvichibva pamashoko eMutumwa ( rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) mune imwe nhaurwa yeHadiith yandambotaura: «Kwozotevera mukuru wavo pazera» , zvekare nekuda kweHadith ya Maalik bin al-Huwairith, Allah ngavafare naye, apo akati: «Mumwe wenyu ngaakudaidzirei Adhan, uye mukuru wenyu ngaakutungamirirei mumunamato.» "[58]." [58] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (628), naMuslim: (674).
Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, akaisa mukuru pazera pamberi muHadith iyi; nekuti vanhu vaitaurwa vaiva neruzivo rwakaenzana.
Saka kana vakaenzana pane zvese zvapfuura vakakwikwidzana, mumwe nemumwe wavo achida kuva Imaam, panokandwa mujenya pakati pavo. Saka uyo anokunda pamujenya ndiye anoiswa mberi; nekuti vakaenzana pakodzero yacho, uye hazvigoneke kuti vatungamire vese, saka panokandwa mujenya pakati pavo sekune dzimwe kodzero dzese.
Uye muridzi wemba ndiye ane kodzero huru yekuve Imam (mutungamiri) kudarika muenzi wake, saizvozvowo mutongi - uyo ari iye Imaam (mutungamiri) mukuru - ndiye ane kodzero huru yekuve Imaam paSwalaah kudarika vamwe, kana ivo vose vari vaviri vakakodzera kuve Imam ; sekutaura kwavo Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) kuti: «Murume haatenderwi kutungamirira mumwe murume paSwalaah pamhuri yake kana munzvimbo yake yehutongi.»
Uye zvakafanana nevaviri ava ndiImaam wepaMasjid wenguva dzese; nekuti ndiye ane kodzero kupfuura vamwe - kunze kwemutongi - kunyangwe kana mumwe achigona kuverenga kudarika iye uye aine ruzivo rwakawanda kumudarika; zvichibva pazvese zvinoreva Hadith yapfuura.
Ibn Umar, Allah ngavafadzwe naye nababa vake, aiva nemuranda wake aitungamira Swalaah paMasjid, uye paakasvika, muranda wake akamuisa mberi kuti atungamire Swalaah, saka Ibn Umar akati kwaari: "Ndiwe unonyanya kukodzera kuva Imaam paMasjid yako"[59]. [59] Yakarondedzerwa naAsh-Shafi'i muAl-Umm (1/185), na'Abdur-Razzaq mu(Al-Musannaf) (2/399), naAl-Bayhaqi (3/126) (5531). An-Nawawi akati muAl-Khulaaswa (2/701): "Isnad yacho yakanaka kana kuti ndeyechokwadi." Uye Al-Albani akati isnad yayo yakanaka muIrwaa' Al-Ghaleel) (2/302).
Uyezve mukuisa mumwe munhu pamberi pake mune kutyora kodzero yake, uye kuodza moyo wake.
Vadzidzi veIslam vakasiyana maonero panyaya yekuti mwana mudiki asvika pakuziva zvakanaka nezvakaipa atungamirire vamwe munamato saImaam. Vamwe vevane ruzivo vakazvitendera; nekuda kwehadith yaAmr bin Salama, Allah ngavafare naye: "«Kuti iye akatungamirira vanhu vekurudzi rwake pamunamato panguva yeMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) aine makore matanhatu kana manomwe ekuberekwa»[60]." [60] Yakarondedzerwa naBukhari: (4302).
Uye zvinotenderwa kuti uyo anonamata munamato weSunnah atungamire saImam uyo anonamata munamato wakasungirwa; nekuda kwehadith yaMu'adh bin Jabal, Allah ngavafare naye: «Kuti ainamata munamato (Swalaah) weIsha’a pamwechete neMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari), aibva adzokera ononamata nevanhu vekudzinza rake Swalaah iyoyo» [61]. [61] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (701), naMuslim: (465).
Chikamu chechina: Avo vanorambidzwa kuva Imaam:
Zvinorambidzwa kuva Imaam mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:
1- Kuti mukadzi ave mutungamiri (Imam) wemurume nekuda kwezvese zvinoreva mashoko eMutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) ekuti: «Havangabudiriri vanhu vanopa mukadzi masimba ekutungamirira nyaya dzavo.» [62] Uye kutungamira munamato (Imaamah) imhando yehutungamiriri, uyezve mutemo wekutanga ndewekuti mukadzi anofanirwa kuva kumashure kumitsara yekupedzisira, sezvakataurwa muSunnah. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah ﷺ vakati: «Mitsetse yakanakisisa yevarume ndeyekutanga, uye yakaipisisa yayo ndeyekupedzisira, uye mitsetse yakanakisisa yevakadzi ndeyekupedzisira, uye yakaipisisa yayo ndeyekutanga» [63], Uye Izvi zvinoitirwa kumudzivirira nekumuchengetedza. Dai akaiswa pamberi kuti atungamire, izvozvo zvaizopesana nenheyo iyi yeMutemo weIslam (Shari'ah). Nyanzvi dzeIslam dzakabvumirana panyaya iyi. Imaam Ibn Hazm (Allah ngavamuitire tsitsi) akati: "Uye vakabvumirana kuti mukadzi haatenderwi kutungamirira varume mumunamato ivo vachiziva kuti mukadzi, saka kana vakaita izvozvo, munamato wavo wakakanganisika maererano nekubvumirana kwenyanzvi." [64]. [62] Yakaronedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (4425) kubva muhadith yaAbu Bakrah, Allah ngavafadzwe naye. [63] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (440). [64] Matanho (Maratib) ekuwirirana kweVadzidzi (Al-Ijma)’: (peji 27).
2- Kuti uyo asina wudhu uye neuyo ane tsvina aite Imaam, iye achiziva izvozvo. Saka kana vanamati vakasaziva nezvazvo kusvika Swalaah yapera, Swalaah yavo yakarurama, zvichibva pane zvakauya kubva kuna 'Umar bin Al-Khattaab , ngavafare naye: «Kuti akanamatisa vanhu aine Janaabah, akabva adzokorora, uye haana kuvaraira kuti vadzokorore»[65]. [65] Yakarondedzerwa naad-Daaraqutni muSunan yake (1371).
Uye Abdul Rahman bin Mahdi (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: ""Izvi ndizvo zvakawiriranwa nazvo: Munhu ane janaabah anodzokorora (munamato wake), asi avo vanamata mumashure make havadzokorori. Handina kumbonzwa kuti pane vadzidzi veIslam vasina kuwirirana pamusoro peizvi" [66]." [66] Sunan Ad-Daaraqutni: (2/ 188).
3- Kutungamirira kweuyo asingazive Surah Al-Fāatiḥah nemusoro, kana uyo asingagoni kuiverenga zvakanaka, kana anobatanidza mavara asingafaniri kubatanidzwa mairi, seuyo anobatanidza vara Haa neRaa mumashoko avo Allah (Mwari) vekumusoro-soro anoti: {Al-hamdu lillaahi Rabbil 'Aalamiin (Kurumbidzwa kwese ndekwaAllah, Tenzi wezvisikwa zvese 2} [Al-Faatihah: 2] Nekuti anenge abatanidza vara mune rimwe risingafanane naro, kana kuva padyo naro, kana kuti anochinjanisa vara nerimwe vara, semunhu anochinjanisa 'Raa' achiisa 'Yaa', kana kuti kukanganisa pakuverenga zvinoshandura zvinoreva izwi. Munhu akadai kutungamira kwake saImaam hakubvumidzwe kunze kwekunge achitungamira munhu akafanana naye pakusaziva; nekuda kwekuti haakwanise kuzadzisa bango reSwalaah, kana kuti anorikanganisa.
4- Kutungamirira munamato kwemunhu anowedzeredza zvinhu zvitsva muchitendero (bid'ah) zvinomubuditsa muchitendero, nekuti Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Vanofanana here uyo anotenda neuyo asingatendi (asingateereri Allah)? Aiwa havana kufanana.18} [As-Sajdah: 18], Uye uyo asingateerere Allah (Mwari) akanyorwa mundima iyi munhu asiri mutendi, sezvinobuda pachena kubva mundima dziri mumashure nedzinotevera ndima iyi.
5- Zvinorambidzwa kutungamirira Swalaah mumasjid ine Imaam akagadzwa, saka hazvigamuchiriki kuti mumwe munhu atungamirire iye asati atungamirira, kunze kwekunge apa mvumo, kana kuti anonoka uye nguva yasara iri shoma[67]. [67] Tarisa: Al-As'ilah wal-Ajwibah Al-Fiqhiyyah lis-Salmaan: (1/ 163).
Chikamu chechishanu: Avo vasingakurudzirwe kuti vatungamire saImaam
Hazvikurudzirwe kutungamirira Swalaah nevanhu vanotevera:
1- Al-Lahhaan: anove munhu anokanganisa zvakanyanya pakuverenga nenzira isingashanduri zvinorehwa nendima, kungave pakuverenga Surah Al-Fātiḥah kana mune imwe Surah isiri iyoyo, sekuti kana akaverenga achiti: (Alhamda lillah) achiisa Fathah pavara raDaal, Swalaah yake inenge yakarurama, asi zvinovengwa kuti atungamirire saImaam; zvichibva pamashoko eMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, ekuti: «Anotungamirira vanhu paminamato ndiye anogona kuverenga Bhuku raAllah kupfuura vamwe» [68]. [68] Takhrij yayo yakambotaurwa.
Uye kana kukanganisa mukuverenga kuchishandura zvinoreva ndima pane isiri Surah al-Faatihah nekuda kwekukanganwa, kana kusaziva, kana nemhaka yedambudziko parurimi rwake, kutungamira kwake saImam kunotambirwa kunyangwe zvakavengwa; nekuti akasiya kuverenga dzimwe ndima kunze kweSurah al-Faatihah, kutungamira kwake saImaam kunotambirwa, saka ndizvo zvimwechete kana akakanganisa mairi, uye kana akazviita nemaune haitambirwe; nekuti anenge achiita zvekutamba paSwalaah yake.
2- Uyo anodzokorora mamwe mavara, seuyo anodzokorora Faa, kana Taa, kana mamwewo mavara nekuda kwekuwedzera mavara mukuverenga.
3- Mutadzi neuyo anoita bid'ah asi asiri munhu asingatendi nebid'ah yake[69]. [69] Tarisa: Kash-shaaf al-Qinaa': (1/ 475) nezvinotevera.
4- Uyo anotungamirira vanhu, vazhinji vacho vasingamudi nechikonzero chechokwadi. Abu Umaamah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Vanhu vatatu, minamato yavo haidariki nzeve dzavo: muranda akatiza kusvika adzoka, nemukadzi anorara murume wake akamutsamwira, naImaam wevanhu ivo vasingamude.» [70]. [70] Yakarondedzerwa naat-Tirmidhi panhamba (360), uye akati: "Iyi iHadith yakanaka yakashumwa nevanhu vashoma nenzira iyi."
Imam at-Tirmidhi akati: "Uye vamwe vanhu vane ruzivo havana kufarira kuti murume atungamirire boka revanhu saImaam ivo vachimuvenga. Saka kana Imaam asiri mudzvanyiriri, zvirokwazvo chivi chinova pane uyo anomuvenga. Ahmad naIshaaq vakati pamusoro peizvi: Kana munhu mumwechete, vaviri kana vatatu vachimuvenga, hapana chakaipa kuti atungamire Swalaah yavo, asi ruzhinji rwevanhu rwukamuvenga haafanirwe kutungamira"[71]. [71] Sunan At-Tirmidhi: (2/ 192).
Zvino kana vakamuvenga nekuti anoshingirira pakutevedzera Sunnah paSwalaah zvekuti anovaverengera maSurah akataurwa muSunnah, uye achivaitisa Swalaah yakadzikama, zvirokwazvo kuva Imaam kwake pakati pavo hazvina kuvengwa; nekuti vakamuvenga pasina chikonzero chakarurama saka kuvenga kwavo hakutariswi. Uye zvakakodzera kwaari kana vachimuvenga pasina chikonzero chakarurama kuti avape zano, avayeuchidze uye avakwezve nemoyo munyoro; uye ovaitisa Swalaah zvichienderana nezvakauya muSunnah. Uye kana Allah vakaziva kubva chinangwa chake ndechechokwadi pakuyanana navo, vanomurerutsira izvozvo[72]. [72] Tarisa: Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' 'alaa Zaad al-Mustaqni': (4/ 253).
Chikamu Chechitanhatu: Nzvimbo yaImaam maererano nevanhu vanonamata kumashure kwake
Sunnah ndeyekuti Imam amire pamberi pevateveri, saka vanomira kumashure kwaImam kana vari vaviri kana kudarika; nekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiti kana vasimuka kuti vaite Swalaah vaienda pamberi, uye maSwahaabah avo vaimira kumashure kwavo. Uyezve zvakatsinhirwa «Kuti Jaabir naJabbaar, Allah ngavafare navo, mumwe wavo akamira kurudyi kweMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) pavainge vachinamata, uye mumwe wacho kuruboshwe rwavo, vakabva vabata maoko avo kusvika vavamisa mumashure mavo» [73]. [73] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (3010) mune Hadith refu kubva kuna Jaabir (Allah ngavafare naye).
Uye murume mumwe chete anomira kurudyi rwaImaam akaenzana naye; nekuda kwekutaura kwaIbn Abbas (Allah ngavafare naye iye nababa vake) kuti: «Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakamira vachinamata, ndikamira kuruboshwe rwavo, vakabva vabata nzeve yangu ndokunditenderedzera kurudyi rwavo» [74]. [74] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (6316), naMuslim: (763).
Uye madzimai anofanira kunge ari kumashure kwemitsetse yevarume; nekuti hadith yaAnas, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye akati: «Ndakamira mumutsetse ini nenherera kumashure kweMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari), uye muchembere aive kumashure kwedu» [75]. [75] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (380), naMuslim: (658).
Uye Imaam anofanirwa kumira pakanangana nepakati pemutsetse. Muzvinafundo mukuru weIslam Ibn Baz (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: ""Zviri muSunnah ndezvekuti Imaam ave pakati mumaMasjid, iyi ndiyo Sunnah yemaitiro iyo yagara ichitevedzerwa nemaMuslim"[76]. "[76] Zvakataurwa kubva kwaari naSheikh Said Al-Qahtwaani, Allah ngavamuitire tsitsi, mubhuku rinonzi "Al-Imamah fi Asw-Swalaah" (peji: 55)."
Uye akati zvakare, Allah ngavamuitire tsitsi: Mutsara unotanga nepakati, pedyo naImam, uye divi rekurudyi remutsara wega wega ndiro riri nani kudarika kuruboshwe rwawo. Uye zvinosungirwa ndezvekuti mutsara haufanirwe kutangwa kusvikira uyo uri pamberi pawo wakwana.
Chikamu chechinomwe: Kutangira Imaam
Zvinosungirwa pamunhu anonamata mumashure maImaam kuti atange zviito zveSwalaah mushure maImaam wake, uye kuti amutevedzere nekumutevera muzviito zvake, uye inhanho yemuteveri nemunhu anonamata mumashure maImaam kuti asatangire uyo waari kutevera, kana kuenzana naye, asi kuti anocherechedza mamiriro ake ozoitawo mushure make zvinoenderana nechiito chake. Uye chinodiwa pane izvi ndechekuti asapesane naye pane chero chimwe chemamiriro acho; uye izvi zvinobva pane zvakatsinhirwa kubva kuna Abu Hurairah (Allah vafadzwe naye), kubva kuMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) kuti vakati: "«Zvirokwazvo Imaam akagadzwa kuti ateverwe, saka musapesane naye. Saka kana akaita Ruku’, itaiwo Ruku’, uye kana akati: Sami'a Allahu liman hamidah (Allah (Mwari) vanonzwa uyo anovarumbidza), imi muti: Rabbana laka al-hamd (Tenzi wedu, rumbidzo dzese nedzenyu), uye kana akaita Sajdah, itaiwo Sajdah, uye kana akaita Swalaah akagara, mese itaiwo Swalaah makagara. Uye itai kuti mitsetse muSwalaah ive yakatwasuka; nekuti kutwasura mitsetse chikamu chekunaka kweSwalaah.»" [77]. [77] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (722), naMuslim: (417).
Uye zvinorambidzwa kutangira Imam mumapango ese eSwalaah. Anas bin Malik, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakanamata nesu rimwe zuva, pavakapedza munamato vakatendeudzira chiso chavo kwatiri vakati: “Veduwe-e Imi vanhu, ndiri Imam wenyu, saka musanditangire pakuita Ruku', kana Sujud, kana pakumira, kana pakupedza Swalaah; nokuti ndinokuonai pamberi pangu nekumashure kwangu” [78] Uye Abu Hurairah, Allah ngavafare naye, akati Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati: «Ko hapana kana mumwe pakati penyu anotya here paanosimudza musoro wake Imaam asati adaro, kuti Allah (Mwari) vanoita musoro wake kuti uve musoro wedhongi, kana kuti Allah (Mwari) vanoita chimiro chake kuti chive chimiro chedhongi» [79]. [78] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (426). [79] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (691), naMuslim: (427).
Uye uyo anoita Takbīratul Ihrām Imaam wake asati aita, Swalaah yake inenge isina kutanga; nekuti chiga chayo ndechekuti aiite mushure maImaam wake, uye anenge atadza kuzadzisa izvi.
Chikamu chechisere: Mitemo yakasiyana-siyana yekuve Imaam nekunamata mugungano (Jama'ah)
Mimwe yeMitemo ine chekuita nekuva Imaam nekunamata mugungano kunze kwezvapfuura:
1- Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhu vane njere nehungwaru vave pedyo naImaam: saka kumberi kunoiswa vanhu vane njere, nechiremera, vabva zera kumashure kwaImaam pedyo naye; nekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Ngavave pedyo neni pakati penyu avo vane njere nehuchenjeri, kozouya avo vanovatevera, kuzouya avo vanovatevera.» "[80]." [80] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (432) kubva muhadith yaAbdullah bin Masud, Allah ngavafare naye.
2- Kushingaira kuva mumutsara wekutanga: Zvinokurudzirwa kuvanhu vanonamata kumashure kwaImaam kuti vaende kumberi kumutsara wekutanga uye vashingairire pakumira pamutsara uyu, nekuchenjera kunonoka, Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri (Allah ngavafare naye), akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakaona maSwahaba avo ari mumitsara yekumashure. Vakabva vati kwavari:
«Swederai mberi munditevere, uye avo vanouya shure kwenyu ngavakuteverei. Vanhu vacharamba vachisara shure kusvikira Allah (Mwari) vavaisa kumashure.» [81], Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye), akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Dai vanhu vaiziva izvo zviri mukushevedzera kuSwalaah (Adhaan) nemumutsara wekutanga, zvino voshaya imwe nzira kunze kwekukanda mujenya pamusoro pazvo, muzvokwadi, vaikanda mujenya.» [82], uye zvinoreva kuti: «Vaizokanda mujenya pazviri» Kureva kuti: vaizokanda mujenya pakati pavo kuti vaone kuti ndiani wavo anomira mumutsara wekutanga. [81] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (438). [82] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (615), naMuslim: (437).
Asi vakadzi zvinokurudzirwa kwavari kuti vamire mumitsara yekumashure. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) vakati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Mitsara yakanakisa yevarume ndeyekutanga, uye yakaipisisa yayo ndeyekupedzisira, uye mitsara yakanakisa yevakadzi ndeyekupedzisira, uye yakaipisisa yayo ndeyekutanga» [83]. Uye izvi zvinoshanda kana vachinamata kumashure kwevarume pasina chidziro, asi kana vachinamata munzvimbo yekunamatira yakavharwa kubva kuvarume, vanobva vazadzisa mutsetse wekutanga zvichitevedzana. [84]. [83] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (440). [84] Tarisa: Majmuu' Fataawaa yaIbn Baaz: (12/ 196).
3- Imaam anofanira kusakurumidza mukuverenga Surah Al-Faatihah, uye anofanira kuverenga zvishoma nezvishoma kuti ari kunamata kumashure kwake akwanise kuiverenga.[85]. [85] Tarisa: Al-Mindhaar Fii Bayaan Kathiir Min Al-Akhtaa' Ash-Shaa'i'ah raSaalih Aal Ash-Shaykh peji (53).
4- Swalaah yemurume ari ega kumashure kwemutsara haigamuchirwi; sezvinobva kuna Waabiswah bin Ma'bad (Allah vafadzwe naye) kuti mumwe murume akanamata kumashure kwemutsara ari ega, saka Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavare, vakamuraira kuti adzokorore Swalaah[86]. "[86] Yakarondedzerwa naTirmidhi: (230), uye akati: "Hadith yaWabiswah iHadith yakanaka.""
Chikamu chepfumbamwe: maSunnah anofanirwa kuitwa naImaam
Zvinokodzera kuti Imaam ave anotevedzera Sunnah yeMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) pakuva Imaam, uye mamwe emaSunnah aya ndeanoti:
1- Anofanira kuita kuti Swalaah yake ive pfupi, nekutarisa mamiriro evanhu, zvinoreva kuti Imaam aite zvishoma nezvishoma muSwalaah yake. Saka hazvibvumidzwe kuna Imaam kukurumidza muSwalaah zvekuti vanhu vanonamata kumashure kwaImaam vanotadza kuita mbiru dzeSwalaah nezvinosungirwa zvayo, uye kuti aite zvishoma nezvishoma mukuverenga kwake zvekuti vanamati vari kumashure kwake vakwanise kupedzisa Swalaah yavo, Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari akati: Mumwe murume akati: "Veduwe-e Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), ndinopika naAllah (Mwari), zvirokwazvo ndinononoka kuSwalaah yemangwanani - kureva: Swalaah yeSubh - nekuda kwanhingi, pamusana pekurebesa kwaanoita nesu. Saka handina kuona Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakatsamwa zvakanyanya pamharidzo kupfuura pazuva iroro, vakabva vati: «Zvirokwazvo, pakati penyu pane vanoita kuti vanhu varemerwe nechitendero, saka chero ani wenyu anoita Swalaah nevanhu ngaarerutse; nekuti pakati pavo pane asina simba, akwegura, neuyo ane zvaari kuda kuita»" [87]. [87] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhaari: (90).
2- Anofanira kuti araire vanhu kuti vatwasanudze mitsetse nekuvhara mikaha asati atanga kuita Swalaah; nekuda kwekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakazviita, uye vakaraira vanamati kuti vadaro. An-Nu'maan bin Bashiir (Allah ngaafadzwe naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaitwasanudza mitsetse yedu kusvikira zvaita kunge varikutwasanudza nayo miseve, kusvikira aona kuti tanzwisisa kubva kwaari. Akabva abuda rimwe zuva ndokumira, kusvikira ava kuda kuita Takbiir, ndokuona mumwe murume akanga akabudisa chipfuva chake kumberi kwemutsetse, ndokuti: «Imi varanda vaAllah (Mwari), zvirokwazvo munofanira kutwasanudza mitsetse yenyu, mukasadaro Allah (Mwari) vachapesanisa pakati pemoyo yenyu». [88]. [88] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (717), naMuslim: (436), uye mashoko ndeaMuslim.
Imam An-Nawawi, Allah ngavamuitire tsitsi, akati: "Al-Qidaah (ine kasrah paQaaf): ndiwo matanda emiseve paanovezwa nekurodzwa, zvinoreva kuti: aiita kuti mitsetse itwasuke zvakanyanya kusvika yaita sekunge ari kutwasanudza miseve; nekuda kwekunyanya kutwasuka nekuenzana kwayo..." [89]. [89] Sharh Sahih Muslim yaAn-Nawawi: (4/ 157).
3- Anofanira kuti avarayire kuzadzisa mutsetse wekutanga vozozadza unotevedzana nawo, saka kana paine kuperevedza ngakuve mumitsetse yekupedzisira; nekuda kwemazwi avo Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) ekuti: "«Hamumiri mumitsara here sekumira kunoita ngirozi pamberi paTenzi vadzo?»" Saka takati: Veduwe-e Imi Mutumwa waAllah, ngirozi dzinomira sei pamberi paTenzi wadzo? Vakati: «Dzinozadza mitsetse yekutanga, uye dzinonyatsomira dzakabatana mumutsara» [90]. [90] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (430), kubva muHadith yaJabir bin Samurah Allah ngavafadzwe naye.
4- Anofanira kuti munamati atevedzere Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) pakuverenga kwake paSwalaah, nekuti kazhinji pakuverenga kwavo (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vaiverenga pamunamato weFajr kubva kumaSurah eMufaswswal akareba, uye pamunamato weMaghrib kubva kumaSurah eMufaswswal mapfupi, uye paSwalaah yeIsha’a, Żuhr neAsr vaiverenga kubva kumaSurah epakati nepakati eMufaswswal. Sulaiman bin Yasar, akarondedzera kubva kuna Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) kuti akati: "Handina kumbonamata kumashure kwemumwe munhu ane Swalaah inofanana neyeMuporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) kudarika nhingi. Sulaiman akati: Airebesa maRaka’ah maviri ekutanga paSwalaah yeŻuhr, achipfupisa maRaka’ah maviri ekupedzisira, uye aipfupisa paSwalaah yeAsr. Pamunamato weMaghrib aiverenga maSurah eMufaswswal mapfupi, pamunamato weIsha aiverenga kumaSurah epakati nepakati eMufaswswal, uye pamunamato weSubh aiverenga maSurah eMufaswswal akareba." [91]. [91] Yakarondedzerwa naAn-Nasaa’i, nhamba (982), Al-Haafiz akati muBulugh al-Maraam nhamba (286): Isnaad yayo yakanaka.
Uye maSurah eMufassal akareba: anotanga paSurah Al-Hujurat kusvika paSurah Al-Buruj, uye maSurah epakati nepakati peMufasswal: anobva paSurah Al-Buruj kusvika paSurah Al-Bayyinah, uye maSurah mapfupi eMufaswswal: anobva paSurah Al-Bayyinah kusvika kumagumo eQur'an[92]. [92] Tarisa: Mirqaat al-Mafaatiih: (2/ 700).
Chikamu cheGumi: Zvinodiwa kuna Imaam
Imaam weMasjid anoonekwa sembiru yeMasjid nesimba rayo, kuburikidza naye Masjid inozadzisa chinangwa chayo mukuita kuti kuparidzwa kweshoko raAllah (Mwari) kutekeshere, kudzidzisa vanhu vari munharaunda, nekujekesera vanhu panyaya dzechitendero chavo. Saka kana Imaam ari munhu ane ruzivo, akangwara, aine njere dzakadzama, uye achiziva tsika nemagariro evanhu, pesvedzero yake inenge yakanaka uye inobatsira kugungano reMasjid, pamwe nekune vagari venharaunda ine Masjid iyoyo; achivadzidzisa, nekuvapa gwara, uye achivatungamirira kune zvakanaka zvese nehunhu hwakanaka.
Ndizvo zvakanga zvakaita maImaam avo vaizadzisa zviga zvehuImaam. Munguva dzekutanga dzeIslam, Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari) ndivo vaive Imaam, kuchizotevera vadzidzi vavo (Khalifah) avo vakatungamirirwa kugwara rakarurama, kwozotevera vatungamiri, vatungamiri vemauto, nyanzvi dzechitendero, nevanhu vanechiremera. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti uyo anotora chinzvimbo chebasa iri anofanira kuve pachidanho chepamusoro panyaya dzechitendero, hunhu, ruzivo, nemaitiro.
Apa ndipo panoonekwa kukosha kwebasa iri muhupenyu hwevanhu; sezvo simba remaImaam rinoonekwa munharaunda yavo, uye mhedzisiro yekusasimba kwavo ichionekwa munharaunda idzodzo. Uyezve Masjid ndiyo inodzidzisa nharaunda kubatanidza zvinotaurwa nezvinoitwa. Saka kana Imaam aine ruzivo rushoma, kana njere shoma, kana aine hunhu nemaitiro akaipa, zvirokwazvo anokuvadza uye haabatsiri. Basa raImaam kutungamira vanonamata kune zvakanaka, kururama, nehutsvene, saka zvakaoma zvikuru kuti Imaam asina ruzivo azadzise basa rakakosha iri.
Dzimwe nguva Imaam anogona kunge akazadzisa zvinodiwa pabasa iri panyaya dzeruzivo nekugona kwake pachake, asi anenge akabatikana achisiya basa rake nekuda kwemamwe mabasa anokanganisa mwero wemashandiro ake, saka anonoka kuuya panguva dzekuita Swalaah, uye haawani nguva yakakwana yekudzokorora maSurah kana ndima dzaanoverenga mumaSwalaah. Naizvozvo tinomuona achiita Swalaah nemaSurah kana ndima dzaanotara asingapfuuri idzodzo.
Uye anogona kukundwa nezvishuwo, kana kusaziva, kana makakatanwa, kana kupfurikidza mwero kwakashorwa, obva atsauka kubva mukusarerekera, negwara redzidziso, nekukoka kuIslam nehuchenjeri nemharidzo yakanaka.
Uye zvirokwazvo Masjid ine pesvedzero huru muchitendero chino; sezvo iri mwenje wekutungamirira umo muranda anotaura naTenzi vake, kutenda kwake kosimbiswa, uye anoungana nehama dzake kuti vese vabatsirane pakuparadzira tsika dzakanaka nekurwisa tsika dzakaipa. Uye Masjid haingakwanisi kuita izvi kunze kwekunge Allah (Mwari) vakaigadzirira Imaam ane zvikwanisiro zveruzivo nezvetsika zvinodiwa kune wese anotora chinzvimbo ichi chikuru, uye anoita mabasa echinzvimbo ichi chinokudzwa.
Zvikwanisiro zveruzivo zvakanyanya kukosha zvinofanirwa kuwanikwa muna Imaam ndeizvi:
1- Anofanira kuzvipira pakuita mabasa kuna Allah (Mwari); kuti ave anotsigirwa, anopihwa kukunda, anotambirwa uye anodiwa naAllah (Mwari) nevanhu.
2- Anofanira Kusiya kuzviratidza nekuzvipembedza; nekuti zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvazvo, uye zviito zvinopihwa mubairo unoenderana nezvinangwa, uye zvirokwazvo munhu wese anowana zvinoenderana nechinangwa chake, uye uyo anozvishongedza nezvisiri maari Allah (Mwari) vanomunyadzisa.
3 - Anofanira kuva akachengete Bhuku raAllah mumusoro, kana chikamu charo, uye kugara achidzokorora zvaakaisa mumusoro, uye kuva nechikamu chezuva nezuva chekuverenga Qur'an.
4 - Anofanira kuve anoziva nemusoro maHadith aMuporofita akati wandei, kubva (mubhuku rinonzi) Riyadh Asw-Swaliheen, kana Al-Arba'iin An-Nawawiyyah, kana kubva muBulugh Al-Maraam, kana kubva kune mamwe magwaro eHadith akavimbika.
5- Anofanira kudzidza kutenda kwechokwadi, kutenda kwevakatanga kupinda muIslam vakarurama (As-Salaf Asw-Swaalih).
6 - Anofanira kuti adzidze ruzivo rwemitemo yechitendero (fiqh), zvikurusei ruzivo rwezvekunamata, uye chinonyanya kukosha pane izvozvo, ndeizvo zvine chekuita nekuchena, munamato (Swalah), chipo kuvarombo (Zakaah), nekutsanya, saizvozvowo ruzivo rwekudyidzana; kuitira kuti azive mitemo yekuwana pfuma nekuishandisa, uye agoyambira vanhu kubva pakubiridzira, kunyengera nekutora pfuma yevanhu nenzira isiri pamutemo, achivayambira zvakare kubva pakutambisa pfuma, kuishandisa zvakapfuura mwero, kuwomera nekunyima, kuitira kuti mashandisiro avo epfuma ave muchiedza cheBhuku (Qur'aan) neSunnah.
7- Anofanira kuti ave anogona mutauro wechiArab kuti azive zvinoreva (mashoko) akadzikiswa naAllah (Mwari) kune Mutumwa wavo, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, nokuti Qur'aan rakadzikiswa nemutauro wemaArab.
8- Anofanira kuverenga nhoroondo yehupenyu hwaMuporofita, nehunhu hwaMuhammad, nenhoroondo dzemaAs-Salf Asw-Swaalih; nokuti mazviri mune muenzaniso wakarurama, negwara rakanaka, nehupfumi hweruzivo runobatsira, netsika dzechiIslam dzepamusoro.
9- Anofanirwa kuziva nyanzvi dzechitendero dzemunyika yake nevamwewo vanhu vane ruzivo rwakadzika, vanozivikanwa nekuchena kwekutenda, neruzivo, nenjere. Uyezve anofanirwa kuenda kwavari muzvese zvaanoda munyaya dzechitendero nekugadzirisa matambudziko enharaunda yake.
10 - Anofanira kuti azive mapoka eIslam nezvaanotenda, nenzira dzemafungiro nezvinangwa zvawo, nedzidziso dzinoparadza pamwe chete nezvinangwa zvadzo, kuitira kuti akwanise kukurukura nezvazvo muchiedza cheBhuku raAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro neSunnah yaMutumwa wavo, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, nezvakanyorwa nenyanzvi dzemaMuslim dzinoongorora zvakadzama, kuti akwanise kutsoropodza manyepo avo, nekuyambira pamusoro penhema dzawo.
11- Anofanira Kuziva nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekufambisa mashoko, nekuziva zvadzakanakira nezvadzakaipira, uye kuti dzingamubatsire sei pakukoka kuna Allah (Mwari), nekungwarira njodzi dzirimo kwaari iye pachake pamwe nevanhu vemunharaunda yake.
Uye kana zvinodiwa izvi zvikawanikwa muna Imam wepa Masjid, izvozvo zvinoita kuti pave nekururama nekuenzanirana kwezvinhu, nemvumo yaAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro.
Uye nheyo dzetsika dzinonyanya kukosha ndedzekuti:
1- Imam wepaMasjid anofanira kuve Daa'iyah (munhu anokoka vanhu kuchitendero) uye mudzidzisi kugungano reMasjid nevaya vanouya kuMasjid yake vanobva munharaunda yake nevamwewo. Naizvozvo anofanirwa kutora Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) semuenzaniso; nekuti ndivo gwara rakanaka, uye muenzaniso wakanaka, nemufananidzo wepamusoro-soro kuUmmah nevatungamiri.Allah vekumusoro-soro vakati: {Zvirokwazvo muna Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari) mune muenzaniso wakanaka kwamuri, kune uyo anotarisira kuzosangana naAllah (Mwari) neZuva Rekupedzisira, uye achirangarira Allah (Mwari) zvakanyanya. 21} [Al-Ahzaab:21].
Uye kuti azviise kure iye nevanouya kuMasjid kwake kubva pakutaura nezvepanyika, uye nezvematongerwo enyika, uye kuti aite kuti Masjid ive yakatarirwa chete kudzidza nekunamata.
2- Anofanira kuva akachena uye akarongeka iye pachezvake, uye nekuchengetedzawo zvakare kuchena kweMasjid, kuronga zvinhu zvayo nekuzvirongedza, kugadzirisa zvinoshandiswa zvayo, uye orega kupfurikidza mwero pakuita izvozvo, oregedza kushongedza Masjid.
3- Anofanirwa kuve nehunhu hwakanaka uye maitiro, achitevedzera Sunnah yaMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive kwavari, sekusiya ndebvu dzichikura nekudamburira ndebvu dzepamusoro pemuromo, pamwe nekuregedza kupfeka zvipfeko zvakarebesa (kudarika zviziso zvepamakumbo) , uye kugara achiremekedzeka nekudzikama, uye anofanirwa kunge achitevedzera gwara remaSalaf asw-Swaalih, Allah ngavavanzwire tsitsi.
4- Anofanira kuve munyoro, ane mwoyo murefu, ane tsitsi; nokuti hunyoro haumbowanikwi pachinhu kunze kwekuti unochishongedza, uye haumbobviswi pachinhu kunze kwekuti unochishatisa sezvakataurwa muHadith. Aishah (Allah ngavafare naye), akati Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vakati: «Zvirokwazvo hunyoro haumbove pachinhu kunze kwekuti hunochishongedza, uye haubviswi pachinhu kunze kwekuti hunochishatisa.» [93]. [93] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (2594).
Kana mumwe wevanhu vanouya kuMasjid akakanganisa, Imaam haafanirwe kumutsiura nehasha, asi anomurayira nehunyoro; uye anomudzidzisa nenzira yakanaka. Muawiyah bin al-Hakam as-Sulami, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, akati: Pandaive ndichiita Swalaah pamwe chete naMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari); pakabva pahotsira mumwe murume aive muvanhu, ndokubva ndati: 'Yarhamukallah (Allah ngavakunzwire tsitsi)', vanhu vakabva vanditarisa nemaziso avo, ndokubva ndati: 'Maiwe, nhamo kune amai vangu! Chii chirikunetsa chamuri kunditarisira kudaro?' Vakabva vatanga kurova zvidya zvavo nemaoko avo, pandakaona kuti vari kundinyararidza, ndakabva ndanyarara. Apo Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakapedza Swalaah, baba vangu naamai vangu ngavave rudzikinuro kwavari, vakagadzirisa nyaya yangu. Handisati ndakamboona mudzidzisi pamberi pavo kana mushure mavo aive akanaka pakudzidzisa kuvapfuura. Ndinopika naAllah, havana kundipopotera – kureva kuti: havana kundirwadzisa kana kunditsiura nehasha – uye havana kundirova kana kundituka, vakati: «Zvirokwazvo Swalaah iyi haikodzere kuva nechero chii zvacho chinobva mukutaura kwevanhu, inongova yeTasbeeh (kurumbidza Mwari), neTakbeer (nekukudza Mwari), uye nekuverenga Qur'an». [94]. [94] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (537).
5- Anofanira kuve munyoro uye ane moyo wakapfava; kuti aunganidze vanhu vakamupoteredza kuitira kuti vabatsirike netsitsi dzake, rubatsiro rwake neruzivo rwake, uye kuti amire navo mumatambudziko avo nezvavanoda, uye anofanirwa kupangana navo mune zvine chekuita nebasa reMasjid.
Uye Mutumwa waAllah (Allah ngavavaropafadze nekuvapa rugare) vaive pachinzvimbo chepamusoro-soro pane izvozvo zvese, sezvakataura Allah Varikumusoro-soro pamusoro pavo vachiti: {Naizvozvo, kuburikidza nenyasha dzinobva kuna Allah (Mwari), wakave munyoro kwavari. Uye kudai wanga uine hasha uye uine moyo mukukutu, zvirokwazvo vangadai vakapararira kubva pauri. Saka varegerere, uye vakumbirire ruregerero, uye pangana navo muzvirongwa. Zvino kana watora mheredzero, vimba naAllah (Mwari). Zvirokwazvo, Allah (Mwari) vanoda avo vanovimba navo. 159} [Aal Imraan: 159].
6- Anofanira kuve nekutsungirira neruvimbo rwakakwana; nechokwadi mune zvaanotaura, kuti akodzere chiremera chekuve Imaam muMasjid make nepakati pegungano rake; nekuti kutsungirira neruvimbo rwakakwana zvinosvitsa muranda padanho rekutungamirira muchitendero. Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Uye takaita pakati pavo pave nevatungamiri, vaitungamira nemurairo wedu apo pavaive vachitsungirira, uye vaitenda muzviratidzo zvedu 24} [As-Sajdah: 24].
7- Zvinosungirwa kuti ataure chokwadi mune zvaanotaura, mungava mumharidzo (khutbah) yeJumu’ah, kana muchidzidzo chekudzidzisa nemharidzo, kana mukutaura kwake nevanhu; kuitira kuti ave pakati pevanhu vechokwadi, vakapihwa nhungamiro uye vakabudirira; nekuti zvirokwazvo zvakataurwa muHadith kubva kuna Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) kuti vakati: «Batirirai pachokwadi; nekuti zvirokwazvo chokwadi chinotungamira kukururama, uye kururama kunotungamira kuParadhiso, uye munhu anoenderera mberi achitaura chokwadi uye achishingirira pachokwadi kusvikira anyorwa kuna Allah (Mwari) semunhu wechokwadi, uye chenjererai nhema, nekuti zvirokwazvo nhema dzinotungamira kukuipa, uye kuipa kunotungamira kuMoto, uye munhu anoenderera mberi achireva nhema uye achishingirira munhema kusvikira anyorwa kuna Allah (Mwari) semurevi wenhema.» [95]. [95] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (6094), naMuslim: (2607), kubva muhadith yaAbdullah bin Mas'ud, Allah ngavafadzwe naye.
Uye kunyepa kwakaipa uye muyedzo, uye kunyepa kukuru pane kwese ndekwekunyepera Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro uye kutaura nezvavo pasina ruzivo. Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakataura kuti: {Iti: “Zvirokwazvo, Tenzi vangu vakarambidza hunhu hunonyadzisa, huri pachena nehwakavanzika, nezvivi, neudzvanyiriri usina kodzero, kusanganisa Allah (mukunamata) neizvo zvavasina kupa mvumo, uye kuti mutaure pamusoro paAllah Allah zvamusina ruzivo nazvo.” 33} [Al-A'raaf: 33].
Saka ndima iyi inokudzwa yakabatanidza zvitadzo zvikuru-kuru, yakatanga nechidiki kuenda kune chikuru, chinova kutaura nezvaAllah (Mwari) pasina ruzivo mumazita avo, nemaitiro avo, nemutemo wavo.
Uye kunyepa pamusoro peMutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) ndiko kumwe kwekunyepa kukuru nezvivi zvakaipa zvikuru, uye ndechimwe chezvivi zvikuru izvo muiti wazvo anotyisidzirwa neMoto. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Ndakanzwa Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vachiti: «Zvirokwazvo kureva nhema pamusoro pangu hakuna kufanana nekureva nhema pamusoro pemumwe munhu, ani naani anoreva nhema pamusoro pangu nemaune, ngaatore nzvimbo yake kuMoto.» [96]. [96] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (1291), naMuslim: (4).
Uye anofanira kusataura nhema kunyangwe dziine vavariro yakanaka, nechinangwa chekukurudzira zvakanaka nekutyisidzira vanhu kuti vasaita zvakaipa, sezvinoita vamwe vaparidzi; nokuti uku ndiko kuipa kusina zvakanaka kana nhungamiro. Uye uyo anotaura nhema anotakura chivi asina mubairo waanowana, uye mutadzi asingawani pundutso.
8- Anofanira kuva akavimbika mukusvitsa shoko, uye kuongorora chokwadi chenhaurwa, uye kusakurumidza kugamuchira runyerekupe, uye kusavimba nechisiri shoko rakavimbika. Zvirokwazvo Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro=soro vakatirayira izvozvo mukutaura kwavo vachiti: {Veduwe-e Imi vatendi! Kana mutadzi akauya kwamuri nenhau, tsvagisisai chokwadi, kuti murege kukuvadza vanhu nekusaziva, mogozova vanozvidemba pane zvamakaita. } 6 [Al-Hujuraat: 6].
9- Anofanira kuti ashingaire mukusaburitsa pachena kukanganisa kwevanhu, nekuvanza zvakavanzika zvavo. Uyo anovharidzira kukanganisa kwemuMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vanovharidzira panyika nemuhupenyu hwamangwana, uye uyo anoteverera zvinonyadzisa zvinoitwa nemaMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vanoteverera zvinonyadzisa zvake kusvikira vamufumura kunyange ari mukati memba yake. Abdullah bin Umar, Allah ngavafare naye nababa vake, akati Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati: «Ani naani anovharidzira kukanganisa kwemuMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vachamuvharidzirawo pazuva rekutongwa.» [97]. Uye Abu Barzah al-Aslami (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Veduwe-e Imi boka reavo vakatenda nerurimi rwavo, asi kutenda kusina kupinda mumoyo mavo, musanyeya maMuslim, uye musatsvaga zvavanokanganisa muchivande; nokuti zvirokwazvo, ani nabi anotsvaga zvavanokanganisa muchivande, Allah vanotsvaga zvaanokanganisa muchivande, uye uyo Allah (Mwari) vanotsvaga zvaanokanganisa, vanomufumura kunyangwe ari mumba make.» [98]. [97] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (2442), naMuslim: (2580). [98] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (4880), uye tarisa zvinodiwa izvi mubhuku rinonzi Imaam weMasjid Zvinodiwa Zvake Zveruzivo Netsika, raSheikh Saud bin Muhammad Al-Bishr.
Chikamu Chechitatu: Munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah neKhutbah yawo
Chikamu Chekutanga: Munamato wemusi wechishanu (Jumu'ah)
Nyaya yekutanga: Tsananguro yemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah nenguva yawo:
Chekutanga: Zvinoreva munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah:
Jumu'ah: Rimwe remazuva evhiki, panonamatwa munamato wakasarudzika unova munamato wemusi weChishanu (Jumu'ah) [99]. "[99] Tarisa: Mu'jam Lughat al-Fuqahaa' raMuhammad Rawwas Qal'aji nevamwe: (peji 166)."
Kutungamirira kwaAllah (Mwari) Ummah ino kuzuva reJumu’ah iropafadzo huru. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: "Isu tiri vekupedzisira asi tichava vekutanga pazuva rekutongwa, kunze – kureva kuti: kusara kwekuti – ivo vakapihwa gwaro tisati taripihwa, uye isu takaripihwa mushure mavo. Uye iri ndiro zuva ravo iro rakarairwa kwavari, asi vakapesana pariri, saka Allah (Mwari) vakatitungamirira kwariri, naizvozvo ivo vateveri vedu mariri; maJuda mangwana acho (vanokudza musi weMugovera), nemaKristu kuswera mangwana acho (musi weSvondo)." [100]. [100] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (876), naMuslim: (855).
Uye zuva reJumu’ah ndiro zuva rakanakisisa rakabuda zuva. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Zuva rakanakisa pane ose akabuda zuva izuva reJumu’ah, mariri ndimo makasikwa Adam, uye mariri ndimo maakapinzwa muParadhiso, uye mariri ndimo maakaburitswa kubva mairi» [101]. [101] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (854).
Nguva iri pakubva paJum'ah kusvika kune imwe Jum'ah inodzima zvivi zviri pakati padzo; nekuda kwehadith ya Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye), yekuti Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Minamato mishanu, neJumu'ah kusvika kuJumu'ah, neRamadhaan kusvika kuRamadhaan, zvinodzima zvitadzo zviri pakati pazvo kana munhu akasaita zvitadzo zvikuru» [102]. [102] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (233).
Uye Munamato wemusi wechishanu (Jumu'ah): munamato unozvimiririra pachawo, unosiyana neZuhr pahuwandu hwemarak'at, nekuverengwa zvinonzwika, neKhutbah, nezviga zvinotarisirwa pairi, uye inoenderana nayo panguva.
Chepiri: Nguva yeSwalaah yeJumu'ah:
Nguva yeJumu'ah ndiyo nguva yeZuhr, inotanga zuva rapfuura pakati pedenga kusvika mumvuri wechinhu waenzana nehurefu hwacho mushure memumvuri unoitika apo zuva rinenge rava pakati nepakati pedenga. Izvi zvinobva muHadith yaAnas bin Malik (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) yekuti Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vainamata Jumu'ah kana zuva radarika pakati nepakati pedenga [103]. Kureva kuti: kurerekera kudivi remadokero, nekubva pakati pedenga, uye iyo ndiyo nguva yemunamato weZuhr. [103] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (904).
Nyaya yepiri: Mutemo wemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah, uye unosungirwa kunani?
Chekutanga: Mutemo wemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah:
Jumu'ah yakasungirwa kune varume vese; nekuti Allah (kukudzwa ngakuve kwavari) vakati: {Veduwe-e imi vanotenda, kana kwadaidzirwa kumunamato pazuva reJumu’ah, kurumidzai kuenda kunorangarira Allah (Mwari) uye siyai kutengeserana. Izvozvo zviri nani kwamuri kana muchiziva. 9} "[Al-Jumu’ah: 9]," Uye zvakaturwa kubva kuna Abdullah bin Umar naAbu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare navo vose), kuti vakanzwa Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vachitaura vari pamapuranga eminbar yavo kuti: «Vanhu ngavarege kusiya -kureva: kurega kwavo- minamato yeJumu’ah, zvikasadaro Allah (Mwari) vachaisa chivharo pamoyo yavo, uyezve vachazova vamwe vevasina hanya (nekuita zvinovabatsira nekurega zvinovakuvadza).» "[104]." [104] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (865).
Uye maMuslim vakawirirana kuti munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah unosungirwa. Ibn Al-Mundhir (Allah Varikumusoro-soro ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: ""Uye vakabvumirana kuti Jumu'ah inosungirwa kune vakasununguka (vanhu vasiri varanda), vabve zera, vasiri parwendo, vasina chikonzero chinovarambidza kunamata" [105]." [105] Al-Ijmaa': (peji 40).
Chepiri: Inosungirwa pana ani?
Jumu'ah inosungirwa kune muMuslim wese murume, akasununguka, abve zera, ane pfungwa dzakakwana, anokwanisa kuiita, asiri parwendo. Saka haisungirwe kune: muranda, mukadzi, mukomana mudiki, munhu anopenga, murwere, kana kuti munhu ari parwendo. Izvi zvinotsigirwa nezvakarondedzerwa naTaariq bin Shihaab, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare, kubva kune Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, akati: «Jumu'ah inosungirwa kune muMuslim wese mugungano, kunze kwevanhu vana: muranda, mukadzi, mwana mudiki, kana murwere» "[106]." [106] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (1067).
Kana ari munhu ari parwendo, haasungirwi kuita munamato (Swalaah) weJumu’ah; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari ) vaisainamata panzendo dzavo, uye Zuva re’Arafah paHajj yavo waive musi weJumu’ah, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro vakanamata Zuhr ndokuibatanidza neSwalaah ye’Asr.
Uye zvirokwazvo, Ibn al-Mundhir (Allah ngavave netsitsi naye) akarondedzera kuti nyanzvi dzechitendero dzakawirirana pamusoro peizvozvo, akati: "Uye vakawirirana kuti Jumu'ah haisungirwe kune mwana mudiki kana kuvakadzi... Uye vakawirirana kuti Jumu'ah inosungirwa kune vanhu vakasununguka, vabve zera, vasiri parwendo, vasina chikonzero chinovarambidza kunamata"[107]." [107] Al-Ijmaa’: (peji 40).
Uye kana muranda, mukadzi, mwana, murwere, kana munhu ari parwendo akainata, inogamuchirwa kubva kwaari, uye inomukwanira panzvimbo peSwalaah yeZuhr.
Uye munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah haisungirwi kune vanhu vemurenje avo vanotama-tama vachitsvaga mafuro nemvura; nekuti vanhu vemurenje munguva yaMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vaive munzvimbo dzakakomberedza Madinah, uye Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, havana kuvaraira kuti vanamate Jumu'ah. Uye Imaam Ahmad akati: "Munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah haisungirwi kune vanhu vemurenje; nekuti vanotama-tama. Saka akapa chikonzero chekusasungirwa kwayo nekuda kwekutama-tama, naizvozvo munhu wese anogara panzvimbo imwechete asingatami-tami nekuzvisarudzira kwake, anenge ari mumwe wevagari vemumusha" [108]. [108] Majmuu' Al-Fataawaa: (24/ 166).
Uye Jumu'ah inozadzikiswa nekuvapo kwevanhu vatatu: mumwechete wavo anopa khutbah, uye vaviri vachiteerera; nekuti Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {...Saka kurumidzai kunorangarira Allah (Mwari)...} [Al-Jumu’ah: 9] Uye iri igungano, uye nhamba dikisa yegungano vanhu vatatu.
Nyaya yechitatu: Maitirwo emunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah:
Munamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah une maRak'ah maviri, umo munoverengwa zvinonzwika; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwaari ) vaiita izvozvo, uye nyanzvi dzeruzivo dzakabvumirana pane izvozvo. Ibn Hazm (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: "Vakabvumirana kuti Jumu'ah -kana yaitwa nezviga zvayo- inenge iri maRak'ah maviri munoverengwa nenzwi riri pamusoro" [109]. [109] Maraatib Al-Ijmaa’: (peji 33).
Uye zviri Sunnah kuti muRak'ah yekutanga Imaam averenge Surah Al-Faatihah neSurah Al-A'laa, uye muyechipiri averenge Surah Al-Faatihah neSurah Al-Ghaashiyah. An-Nu'maan bin Bashiir (Allah ngavafare navo vose [iye nababa vake]) akati: "«Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiverenga muminamato (Swalaah) miviri yeEid nemumunamto (Swalaah) weJumu’ah Surah 'Sabbihi isma Rabbikal-A'la', uye Surah 'Hal ataka hadithul-ghashiyah'»[110]." [110] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (878).
Kana kuti anoverenga muRak'ah yekutanga Surah Al-Faatihah neSurah Al-Jumu'ah, uye muyechipiri anoverenga Surah Al-Faatihah neSurah Al-Munaafiquun. Ibn Abi Raafi' akati: Marwan akasiya Abu Hurairah kuti amutsive pakutonga kuMadina, ndokubuda achienda kuMakkah. Saka Abu Hurairah akatitungamirira mumunamao (Swalaah) weJumu'ah, ndokuverenga mushure meSurah Al-Jumu'ah (mushure muSurah Al-Faatihah muRak'ah yekutanga), muRak'ah yekupedzisira: Idhaa Jaa'akal Munaafiquun. Akati: Ndakabva ndatevera Abu Hurairah paakazoenda, ndokuti kwaari: Zvirokwazvo maverenga nemaSurah maviri aiverengwa naAli bin Abi Twaalib muKuufa. Abu Hurairah akabva ati: «Zvirokwazvo ndakanzwa Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, achidziverenga dziri mbiri pazuva reJumu’ah» [111]. [111] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (877).
Nyaya yechina: Jumu'ah inobatwa neyi?
Jumu'ah inobatwa nekubata Raka'ah imwe naImaam. Abdullah bin Umar, Allah ngavafadzwe navo vari vaviri (iye nababa vake) akati Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati: «Anenge abata Rak'ah imwe yeJumu'ah kana imwewo Swalaah, Swalaah yake inenge yakwana.» [112]. [112] Yakarondedzerwa naNasaa’i: (557).
Uye kana abata zviri pasi peRak'ah, anoiita seZuhr [113]. [113] Tarisa: Al-Mughnii yaIbn Qudaamah: (2/ 231).
Uyo anenge apotsa Rak'ah yemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah owana Imaam ari muRak'ah yechipiri panguva yeRukuu' yake kana kuti asati aiita; zvirokwazvo anotsiva Rak'ah imwechete bedzi, nekuda kweHadith inoti: «Uye anenge abata Rak'ah, anenge abata abata munamato (Swalaah).» [114]. [114] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (893).
Nyaya yechishanu: Zvinorambidzwa kuitwa paJumu'ah kana zvakavengwa
1- Zvinorambidzwa kutaura Imam achiita khutbah; nekuti zvakatsinhirwa kubva kuna Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) kuti Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) akati: «Kana ukaudza shamwari yako musi weJumu’ah kuti: “Nyarara,” Imaam achipa khutbah, zvirokwazvo wataura zvisina maturo (uye ucharasikirwa nemubairo wako weJumu'ah).» [115] Kureva kuti, wataura mashoko asina maturo, ari mashoko asina basa akarambwa, uye mubairo weJum'ah yako washaya basa. [115] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (934), naMuslim: (851).
An-Nawawi, Allah (Mwari) ngavamuitire tsitsi, akati: ""MuHadith mune kurambidzwa kwemhando dzese dzekutaura panguva yekhutbah, uye izvi zvinopa yambiro kuburikidza neizvi pamusoro pekumwe kutaura kwese; nekuti kana achinge achiti: “Nyarara,” uko kuri kuraira zvakanaka, asi Mutumwa achibva azviti kutaura zvisina maturo, saka kutaura kupi zvako kudiki kunotonyanya (kuva kusina maturo)." [116]." [116] Sharh Muslim: (6/ 138).
Uye zvinosanganisirwa mukurambidzwa kutaura: kupindura anohotsira, nekupindura Salaam, saka hazvibvumidzwi Imaam achipa khutbah. Asi kana Khatwiib asati atanga kuita khutbah, nepanguva yekumbonyarara pakati peKhutbah mbiri; hapana chakaipa pakutaura ipapo.
Asi hapana chakaipa pakutaura kwaMa'muum naKhatwiib. Anas bin Malik akati: "«Mumwe murume akapinda muMasjid musi weChishanu (Jumu’ah) nepamusuwo waiva wakanangana neimba yedare apo Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaive vamire vachiparidza. Akamira akatarisana neMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari), ndokubva ati: ‘O Mutumwa waAllah, pfuma yaparara, uye nzira dzavharika, saka tikumbirirei kuna Allah (Mwari) kuti vatibatsire.’ Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakabva vasimudza maoko avo...» Hadith [117]." [117] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (967), naMuslim: (897).
2- Zvinorambidzwa panguva yekhutbah kutamba-tamba zvisina maturo, sekubata-bata tutombo, kana kushandisa misbaha, kana kubatikana nenharembozha, nezvimwewo zvakadaro; nekuti zvakatsinhirwa kubva kuna Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare nayo) uyo akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) akati: «Uyo anobata tumatombo, anenge aita zvisina maturo» [118]. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kuita zvisina basa kunotadzisa kunzwisisa nekuzvininipisa. [118] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (857).
3- Uye zvinorambidzwa kudarika pamusoro pemapfudzi evanhu panguva yekhutbah; zvichibva muhadith yaAbdullah bin Busr (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) akati: Kwakauya murume achidarika pamusoro pemapfudzi evanhu pazuva reJum'ah, Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vachipa khutbah. Saka Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vakati kwaari: «Gara pasi, nokuti wavhiringidza vamwe.» [119]. [119] Yakarondedzewa naAbu Dawud: (1118).
Zvinodaro nekuti kudarika pamusoro pemapfudzi evanhu kunotambudza vanonamata, uye kunovakanganisa kunzwa Khutbah. Asi kuna Imaam, hazvina kuipa kudarika pamusoro pemapfudzi evanhu kana asingakwanise kusvika panzvimbo yake kunze kwekunge aita izvozvo. Saizvozvowo, munhu anomanikidzwa kudarika nekuda kwechikonzero chisingadzivisiki, sekuita wudhu, kana kuti kuvhara nzvimbo isina munhu iri pamberi pake, kana zvimwewo zvakadaro anobvmirwa kuita izvi.
4- Uye zvinorambidzwa kusimudza munhu panzvimbo yake yaatanga kusvika, wogara panzvimbo yake; zvichibva pane zvakatsinhirwa naJaabir bin Abdullah (Allah ngavafare naye nababa vake), akati Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Mumwe wenyu ngaarege kusimudza hama yake musi weJumu’ah, obva aenda panzvimbo yake onogara pairi, asi itai kuti mukwane kugara mese panzvimbo iripo.» [120]. [120] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (2178).
5- Uye zvakavengwa kuparadzanisa vanhu vaviri; nekugara pakati pavo kana kudarika pamusoro pemapfudzi avo. Zvirokwazvo zvakatsinhirwa kubva kuna Salmaan Al-Faarisi (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: “Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakati: «Uyo anogeza musi weJumu’ah... obva aenda asingapatsanure pakati pevanhu vaviri, onamata izvo zvaakanyorerwa, kana Imam auya onyarara, anoregererwa zvitadzo zviri pakati peJumu'ah iyoyo neinotevera.» [121] Saka izvi zvinoratidza kuti uyo anopatsanura vanhu vaviri (muMasjid) haawani ruregerero urwu. [121] Yakarondedzerwa naBukhari: (910).
Nyaya yechitanhatu: maSunnah eJumu'ah:
1- Zvinokurudzirwa kuti paSwalaah yeFajr yezuva reChishanu averenge Surah As-Sajdah neSurah Al-Insaan; nekuda kwekuti Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vaigara vachiita izvozvo. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: «Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vaiverenga musi weChishanu pamunamato weFajr Surah Alif-Laam-Miim Tanziil As-Sajdah, uye Surah Hal ataa 'alal-insaani hiinun minad-dahr»[122]. [122] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (891), naMuslim: (880).
2- Kugeza muviri wese pazuva reJumu’ah, inova Sunnah yakatsinhirwa; zvichibva muhadith yaAbdullah bin Umar (Allah ngavafadzwe naye iye nababa vake), yekuti Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Kana mumwe wenyu ave kuda kuuya kuJumu'ah, ngaageze.» [123]. Uye munhu anofanirwa kugeza asingasiye izvozvo, kunyanya kune avo vane hwema hwakaipa. [123] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (877), naMuslim: (844).
Uye nguva yekugeza kweJumu’ah inotanga panotanga nguva yemambakwedza. Uye kugeza kweJanaabah kunokwanira panzvimbo pekugeza kweJumu’ah; nekuti chinangwa chekugeza kweJumu’ah kuzvichenesa nekubvisa hwema hwakaipa pamuviri, uye izvi zvinowanikwa nekugeza kweJanaabah, asi zvinokurudzirwa kuti ave neNiyyah (chinangwa) yekubatanidza kugeza kweJumu’ah mukugeza kweJanaabah; kuitira kuti awane mubairo neizvozvo.
3- Zvinokurudzirwa kwaari kuzvizora pefiyumu nekuzvichenesa, uye kubvisa zvinofanira kubviswa pamuviri; sekucheka nzwara, nekugera bvudzi rakavanzika, nekubvisa bvudzi remuhapwa, nekugera ndebvu dzepamusoro pemuromo; zvichibva muhadith yaSalmaan Al-Faarisi (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero zvaAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Uyo anogeza pazuva reJumu’ah, ozvichenesa nepese paanogona napo, zvadaro obva azora mafuta kana kuzora pefiyumu, obva aenda asingapatsanure pakati pevanhu vaviri, ozonamata zvaanenge akanyorerwa, kana Imaam abuda onyatsoteerera (khutbah), anoregererwa zvitadzo zvake zviri pakati peJumu'ah iyoyo neinotevera» [124]. [124] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhaari: (910).
Zvekare zvinotsinhirwa kwaari kuti ashandise miswaak muzuva iri; nekuti hadith yaAbu Sa'id al-Khudri, Allah ngavafare naye, vakataura kuti: Ndinopupura kuti Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakataura kuti: «Kugeza pazuva reJumu’ah kunosungirwa kune munhu wese abve zera, uye anofanirwa kukwesha mazino -kureva: kushandisa miswaak- nekuzora pefiyumu kana achinge aiwana.» [125]. [125] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhaari: (880).
4- Zvinokurudzirwa kwaari kuti apfeke nhumbi dzakanakisa dzaanowana; zvichibva paHadith yaUmar bin Al-Khattwaab (Allah ngavafare) yekuti: "«Akaona nhumbi yesirika pamusuwo weMasjid, ndokubva ati: ‘O Mutumwa waAllah, dai matenga nhumbi iyi, mozoipfeka musi weChishanu uye pamunosangana nenhume kana dzauya kwamuri...’»" [126]. [126] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (886), naMuslim: (2068).
5- Zviri Sunnah kukurumidza kuenda kuMasjid pazuva reJumu'ah; nekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakakurudzira izvozvo. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare) akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Uyo anogeza pazuva reJumu’ah kugeza kweJanabah -kureva: kugeza kune maitirwo akafanana nemaitirwo ekugeza kweJanabah- obva aenda kuMasjid, anoita kunge apa mupiro wengamera - inova imwe yengamera, ingave hono kana hadzi -, uye uyo anoenda muawa yechipiri anoita kunge apa mupiro wemombe, uye uyo anoenda muawa yechitatu anoita kunge apa mupiro wegondohwe rine nyanga, uye uyo anoenda muawa yechina anoita kunge apa mupiro wehuku, uye uyo anoenda muawa yechishanu anoita kunge apa mupiro wezai. Zvino kana Imam auya, ngirozi dzinouya kuzoteerera mashoko ekurangarira Allah (Dhikr)» [127]. [127] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (881), naMuslim: (850).
6- Zvinokurudzirwa kumunhu anopinda muMasjid musi weJumu'ah Imaam achipa khutbah kuti asagara pasi kusvika anamata maRak'at maviri omaita mapfupi; nekuti Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) akaraira wese anopinda panguva yekhutbah kuita izvozvo. Jaabir bin Abdullah (Allah ngavafadzwe naye nababa vake) akati: Sulaik Al-Ghatafaani akauya musi weJumu'ah, Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vachipa khutbah, ndokugara pasi, akabva ati kwaari: «Iwe Sulaik, simuka unamate maRak'at maviri, uye maita mapfupi» Zvadaro akati: «Kana mumwe wenyu akasvika musi weJumu’ah, Imaam achipa khutbah, ngaaite maRak'ah maviri, uye ngaamaite muchidimbu.» [128]. [128] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (930), naMuslim: (875).
7- Zvinokurudzirwa kuverenga Surah al-Kahf pazuva reJumu'ah. Abu Sa'iid al-Khudri (Allah ngavafadzwe naye), akati Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Uyo anoverenga Surah al-Kahf pazuva reJumu’ah, achavhenekerwa nechiedza pakati pemaJumu’ah maviri» [129]. [129] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Haakim muAl-Mustadrak: (3392), uye Hadith haina kusimba nekuti inogumira kuna Abu Sa'id.
8- Zviri Sunnah muzuva reJumu'ah nehusiku hwaro kutumira makomborero kune Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) kakawanda. Aws bin Aws (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) akati: Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dza Allah ngazvive kwaari) vakati: «Zvirokwazvo, pamazuva enyu akanakisisa pane zuva reJumu’ah, saka nditumirei makomborero akawanda mariri; nokuti zvirokwazvo makomborero enyu anounzwa kwandiri.» [130]. [130] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (1531).
9- Zvinokurudzirwa kuwanzisa kuita du'a pazuva iri, uye kutsvaga nguva inopindurwa madu'a. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakataura nezvezuva reJumu’ah, vachibva vati: «Mairi mune nguva, yekuti muranda wechiMuslim akasanganidzana nayo akamira achinamata, achikumbira Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro chinhu chipi chaangade, Allah vanomupa chinhu ichocho.» [131]. [131] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (935), naMuslim: (852).
Uye kudavirwa madu'a kunotarisirwa mumaawa ese eJumu’ah, asi nguva inonyanya kutarisirwa ndeye apo panogara Imaam paminbar kuti ataure khutbah pazuva reJumu’ah kusvika Swalaah yapera, uye neawa rekupedzisira pazuva reJumu’ah kune uyo anogara pasi achimirira munamato (Swalaah) weMaghrib, zvisinei kuti ari muMasjid kana kuti kumba kwake; zvichibva muHadith yaAbu Musa Al-Ash’ari (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) yekuti Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati maererano neawa reJumu’ah: «Inguva iri pakati pekugara kwaImaam kusvikira munamato (Swalaah) yapera» [132]. [132] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (853).
Nyaya yechinomwe: Naafil yeJumu'ah:
Swalaah yeJumu’ah haina Sunnah yakatarwa inoitwa rosati yaitwa, asi zviri Sunnah kune uyo anouya kuJumu’ah kuti anamate maRak'ah aanoda, angave maRakʾah maviri, kana mana, kana matanhatu, kana anopfuura, achipa Salaam mushure memaRakaʾah maviri oga oga; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari ) vaikurudzira izvozvo, sezviri muHadith yaSalman Al-Faarisi (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari ) vakati: «Uyo anogeza pazuva reJumu’ah... obva aenda asingapatsanuri pakati pevanhu vaviri, onamata izvo zvaanenge anyorerwa, kana Imaam auya onyarara, anoregererwa (zvitadzo zvake) zviri pakati peJumu’ah iyoyo neJumu’ah inotevera.» [133]. Uye nekuti maSwahaabah, Allah ngavafare navo, vaidaro, uye nekuti makomborero ekungonamata maNaafil pesepese akashumwa zvakanyanya. [133] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (910).
Asi Sunnah yakatarwa (ar-Rātibah), inoitwa mushure meJumu'ah. Saka munhu anonamata maRak'ah maviri mumba make, kana maRak'ah mana muMasjid; «Zvirokwazvo Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiita maRak'ah maviri mumba mavo mushure meJumu'ah» [134]. Abu Hurairah (Allah ngavafare naye) akataura kuti: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Kana mumwe wenyu akanamata Jumu'ah, ngaanamate maRak'ah mana mushure mayo.» [135]. [134] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (937), naMuslim: (729), kubva muhadith yaIbn Umar, Allah ngavafadzwe naye nababa vake. [135] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (881).
Naizvozvo, Sunnah yakatarwa yeJumu'ah kana ikanamatwa muMasjid, inonamatwa maRak'ah mana, uye kana ikanamatwa kumba, inonamatwa maRak'ah maviri.
Chikamu chepiri: Khutbah yeJumu'ah
Nyaya yekutanga: Khutbah yeJumu'ah:
Ndiwo mashoko anotaurwa kugungano revanhu, nguva pfupi kusati kwaitwa munamato wemusi weChishanu, anosanganisira kurumbidza Allah (Mwari), nekuvakudza, nekukumbirIra rugare nemakomborero kune Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari), pamwe nekupa yambiro nechiyeuchidzo[136]. [136] Tarisa: Mu'jam Lughat al-Fuqahaa': (peji 197), uye Khutbat al-Jumu'ah wa Ahkaamuha al-Fiqhiyyah yaAl-Hujailan: (peji 22).
Nyaya yechipiri: Mutongo wekhutbah:
Khutbah chiga chemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah, haitambirwi isina kuitwa; nekuti Allah (Varikumusoro-soro) vanoti: {Veduwe-e Imi vanotenda, kana kwadaidzirwa kumunamato pazuva reJumu’ah, kurumidzai kuenda kunorangarira Allah (Mwari) ...} [Al-Jumu’ah: 9] Uye zvirokwazvo kurangarira Allah (Mwari) kwakatsanangurwa kuti ikhutbah [137]; saka dai khutbah yaisava yakasungirwa, dai kuenda kwairi kusina kusungirwa. Zvekare, Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vaigara vachiita uye havana kumbobvira vaisiya zvachose. "[137] Tarisa: Tafsiir Al-Tabari: (22/ 642)."
Imam Ibn Qudamah al-Hanbali, Allah ngavamuitire tsitsi, akati: ""Uye pfupiso yeizvi ndeyekuti khutbah chiga cheJumu'ah, haigamuchirwi isina kuitwa" [138]." [138] Al-Mughnī: (2/ 224).
Nyaya yechitatu: Zviga zveKhutbah:
1- Kuti dzive khutbah mbiri; pamusana pezvakatsinhirwa kubva munhaurwa yaAbdullah bin Umar, Allah (Mwari) ngavafadzwe navo vose (iye nababa vake), akataura kuti: «Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaipa Khutbah mbiri, vachigara pakati padzo» [139]. [139] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (928).
2- Kuti iitwe mushure mekukwana kwenguva yemunamato (Swalaah) weJumu'ah, nokuti kana ikaitwa kana chikamu chayo chikaitwa nguva isati yakwana, haitambirwe.
3- Kutanga kuitwa kwekhutbah mbiri munamato (Swalaah) usati waitwa; nekuda kweHadiith yaSaa’ib bin Yaziid, Allah ngavafare naye, yekuti akati: «Zvirokwazvo, Adhaan yekutanga yemusi weJumu’ah yaiitwa kana Imam agara paminbar musi weJumu’ah, munguva yaMutumwa waAllah ﷺ naAbu Bakr na’Umar (Allah ngavafadzwe navo vaviri).» [140] Uye izvi zvinoburitsa pachena kuti Khutbah mbiri dzaiitwa Swalaah isati yaitwa. [140] Yakarondedzerwa naBukhari: (916).
Uyezve nekuti Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari vakati: «Namatai sezvamakandiona ndichinamata.» [141] Uye Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, havana kubvira vanamata kunze kwemushure mwemakhutbah maviri. Uye Al-Mardawi akati: ""Pane chiga chekuti dzitange kuitwa - kureva: khutbah mbiri- kusati kwaitwa Swalaah pasina kupokana" [142]." [141] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (631) kubva muhadith yaMalik bin Al-Huwairith, Allah ngavafadzwe naye. [142] Al-Insaaf: (2/ 389).
4- Kutevedzana pakati pezvikamu zvekhutbah. Imaam Ibn Qudamah, tsitsi dzaAllah ngadzive paari, akati: ""Uye kutevedzana, chiga chekuti Khutbah ive yakakwana, saka kana Imaam akaparadzanisa zvimwe zvikamu zvayo pane zvimwe, kuburikidza nekutaura kwakareba, kana kunyarara kwakareba, kana chimwe chinhu chisiri izvozvo zvinogura kutevedzana kwacho, anofanira kuitangazve, uye chinotariswa pakureba nekupfupika kwekuparadzanisa uku itsika (yevanhu). Uye saizvozvo, kutevedzana kunosungirwa sechiga pakati peKhutbah neSwalaah, uye kana achida Taharah (kuzvichenesa), anofanira kuzvichenesa, oenderera mberi neKhutbah yake, chero bedzi kuparadzanisa kwacho kusina kureba" [143]." [143] Al-Mughnī: (2/ 230).
5- Kuita khutbah neizwi rinonzwika; izvi zvinodaro nekuti khutbah inosungirwa uye chiga chekuti Jumu'ah ive yakakwana. Uyezve kuita neizwi rinonzwika inzira yekuizadzisa nekuwana chinangwa chayo, chinova kupa mharidzo nekuyeuchidza, uye icho chinhu chinoita kuti chinhu chakasungirwa chisadzikiswe icho chisipo, naicho chinova chakasungirwa.
6- Kuvepo kwehuwandu hwevanhu hunoita kuti Jumu'ah iitwe; nekuti khutbah iyeuchidzo inosungirwa kuti vanhu vaende kwairi, saka zvinosungirwa kuti iteererwe nehuwandu hwataurwa.
Nyaya yechina: Mbiru dzeKhutbah:
1- Kuitanga nekurumbidza nekukudza Allah (Mwari) Samasimba ose; zvichibva muHadith yaJaabir bin 'Abdullah (Allah ngavafadzwe navo [iye nababa vake]) akati: «Khutbah yaMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) musi weJumu’ah yaive yekuti vairumbidza Allah (Mwari), nekuvakudza, pedzezvo ozoti...» Hadith [144]. [144] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (867).
2- Kusanganisira kwayo kunamatira Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari); nekuti kunamatira Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) mumakhutbah inyaya yaizivikanwa uye ine mukurumbira kumaSwahaaba (Allah ngavafadzwe navo) [145]. [145] Tarisa: Jalaa' al-Afhaam yaIbn al-Qayyim: (peji 371).
2- Kusanganisira kwayo yeuchidzo nekuraira vanhu kuti vatye Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro; zvichibva muhadith yaJaabir bin Samurah (Allah ngavafare naye) apo akati: «Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vaiita Khutbah mbiri, vaigara pakati padzo, vachiverenga Qur'an, uye vachiyeuchidza vanhu» [146]; Uye nekuti kudaro ndicho chinangwa chekhutbah. [146] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (862).
4- Kuverenga chikamu cheQur'an Inokudzwa; zvichibva muHadith yaJaabir bin Samurah (Allah ngavafare naye): «Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiita khutbah mbiri, vaigara pakati padzo, vaiverenga Qur'aan, uye vaiyeuchidza vanhu».
Nyaya yechishanu: MaSunnah eKhutbah:
1- Kuti aite khutbah paminbar kana panzvimbo yakakwirira; «Zvirokwazvo Mutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakagadzirirwa minbar, ndokuita khutbah pairi musi weJumu’ah» [147]، Uye zvakashumwa kubva kumaSwahaaba, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare navo, kuti Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vaiita khutbah paminbar[148], uye an-Nawawi, Allah (Mwari) ngavamunzwire tsitsi, akashuma chibvumirano (ijmaa') chekuti izvozvo zvinokurudzirwa, ndokubva ati: ""Vadzidzi vakabvumirana kuti zvinokurudzirwa kuti khutbah iitwe paminbar" [149]," uye nekuti izvi zvinonyanya kushanda pakuzivisa mashoko, uye nekuti vanhu kana vakaona muparidzi zvinonyanya kusimbisa kurairwa kwavo. [147] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (2095) kubva muhadith yaJabir, Allah ngavafadzwe naye. [148] Tarisa: Irwaa' al-Ghalil fi Takhrij Ahadith Manaar al-Sabil: (3/ 75) nemapeji anotevera. [149] Al-Majmuu' Sharh al-Muhadhab: (4/ 527).
2- Kumira kwemuparidzi panguva yekhutbah; nekuda kwemazwi aAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro ekuti: {Uye kana vakaona kutengeserana kana zvinovaraidza, vanopararira vachienda kwazviri, vakakusiya wakamira...} [Al-Jumu’ah: 11], Abdullah bin Umar, Allah ngavafadzwe navo vose (iye nababa vake), akati: «Muporofita ﷺ aiita Khutbah akamira, obva agara, ndokusimuka sezvamunoita iye zvino» [150]. [150] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (920), naMuslim: (861).
3- Zviri Sunnah kuti muparidzi atarise nechiso chake kuvanhu; Abdullah bin Umar, Allah ngavafadzwe navo vose (iye nababa vake), akati: «Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, aiti kana asvika pedyo neminbar yake pazuva reJumu’ah, aimhoresa avo vainge vagere pedyo naye, kana akwira paminbar, aitarisa vanhu nechiso chake, obva amhoresa vanhu»[151]. [151] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bayhaqi muSunan Al-Kubra: (5742).
Al-Hafidh Ibn Rajab akati: ""Kutarisa kwaImaam kuvanhu vari muMasjid, uye kupa kwake gotsi kuQiblah inyaya inobvumiranwa nezvayo, uye magwaro anoratidza izvi zvakare; nekuti anotaura navo kuitira kuti vanzwisise kubva kwaari, uye zvese izvi iSunnah, saka kana Imaam akaita zvinopesana neizvi, zvirokwazvo anenge apesana neSunnah, asi Jumu’ah yake inotambirwa"[152]." [152] Fath Al-Baari yaIbn Rajab: (8/ 250).
4- Zviri Sunnah kuti muparidzi amhorese vanomutevera muSwalaah (Maaʾmuumiin) paanotarisana navo; nekuda kwehadiith yaJaabir (Allah ngavafare naye), yekuti «Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiti kana vakwira paminbar, vaimhoresa vanhu» [153]. [153] Yakarondedzerwa naIbn Maajah: (1109).
5- Zviri Sunnah kuti agare paminbar kusvika Muadhin apedza kuita Adhaan; nekuti Ibn Umar (Allah ngaavafare naye nababa vake) akati: «Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, vaiita khutbah mbiri, vaigara kana vakwira paminbar kusvikira Muadhin apedza Adhaan, vobva vasimuka voita khutbah, vozogara vasingatauri, vozosimuka voita khutbah»[154]. Uye zvinopupurirwa nehadith yaSa'ib bin Yazid, Allah ngavafare naye, apo akati: «Zvirokwazvo Adhaan yekutanga pazuva reJumu'ah yaiitwa kana Imam agara pasi paminbar pazuva reJumu'ah, munguva yaMutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, nenguva yaAbu Bakr naUmar (Allah ngavafare navo)» [155]. [154] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (1092). [155] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (916).
6- Anofanira kusimudza izwi rake pakuita khutbah zvichienderana nesimba rake; zvichibva muhadith yaJabir bin Abdullah (Allah ngavafadzwe naye iye nababa vake) uyo akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) pavaiparidza, maziso avo aitsvuka, izwi ravo raikwira, uye hasha dzavo dzaiwedzera, zvekuti vaiita semunhu akupa yambiro kumauto auya kuzorwisa anoti: Swabbahakum wa massaakum "Mauto acharwisa mangwanani nemanheru." [156], (Swabbahakum) kureva kuti: mauto auya kwamuri munguva yemangwanani, uye (Massaakum) kureva kuti: vauya kwamuri munguva yemanheru, uye ani naani anotyisidzira mumwe munhu anokwanisa kutaura mashoko maviri aya. [156] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (867).
7- Kuti agare pakati pemakhutbah maviri kwekanguva kadiki; zvichibva muHadith yaIbn Umar, Allah ngavafare naye iye nababa vake inoti: "“Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vaiita Khutbah mbiri vachigara pakati padzo” [157]." [157] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (928).
8- Zvinokurudzirwa kupfupisa khutbah mbiri, uye yechipiri ive ipfupi kudarika yekutanga, pamwe nekurebesa Swalaah; zvichibva muHadiith yaAmmar, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, yekuti Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati: «Zvirokwazvo, kureba kweSwalaah yemunhu nekupfupika kwekhutbah yake mucherechedzo -kureva: chiratidzo- chekunzwisisa kwake chitendero, saka rebesai Swalaah, uye pfupikisai khutbah» [158]. [158] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (869).
9- Zvinokurudzirwa kuitira du'a maMuslim kukumbira zvakavanakira muchitendero chavo nepahupenyu hwavo hwepanyika, uye kuitira du'a vatungamiri vemaMuslim kuti varurame uye vabudirire. An-Nawawi, tsitsi dzaAllah (Mwari) ngadzive paari, akati: "Kuitira du'a vatungamiri vema Muslim nevane simba pamusoro pavo kuti vawane kururama, rubatsiro pachokwadi, nekumira mururamisiro nezvimwe zvakadaro, uyewo kuitira du'a mauto eIslam, zvinokurudzirwa uye vadzidzi veIslam vakabvumirana pazviri"[159]." [159] Al-Majmuu' Sharh Al-Muhadhab: (4/ 521).
Hazvina kutarwa kuna Imaam kuti asimudze maoko ake paanoita du'a mumharidzo yeJumu'ah, kunze kwekunge achikumbira mvura, asi zvinokurudzirwa kwaari kuti anongedze nemunwe wekunongedzesa; sezvakataurwa kubva kuna 'Umarah bin Ruwaibah (Allah ngavafare naye) kuti akaona Bishr bin Marwan ari paminbar akasimudza maoko ake ndokubva ati: «Allah ngavashatise maoko maviri aya; zvirokwazvo ndakaona Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vasingaiti zvinopfuura kuita kudai neruoko rwavo, uye vakanongedzera nemunwe wavo wekunongedzera» [160]. [160] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (874).
10- Kuti Swalaah itungamirirwe nemunhu anoita khutbah; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vaigara vachizviita zvese zviri zviviri ivo pachavo, uye makhalifa avo mushure mavo vaiita saizvozvo, asi kana mu akaita khutbah, mumwe otungamirira munamato pamusana pechikonzero, zvinotenderwa [161]. [161] Al-Mughnī yaIbn Qudaamah: (2/ 228).
Nyaya yechitanhatu: Kushandurwa kwekhutbah yeJumu'ah:
Zvinotenderwa kumuparidzi munyika idzo vanhu vadzo kana kuti vazhinji vavo vasingazive mutauro wechiArabhu kuti ape khutbah nemutauro wavo; kuitira kuti vanzwisise khutbah yacho, uye chinangwa chayo chizadzikiswe, uye vabatsirikane nezviri mairi zveruzivo, mharidzo uye chiyeuchidzo, uye nekuti hapana chakatsinhirwa kubva kuMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) chinoratidza kuti zvinosungirwa kuti khutbah yeJumu’ah ive nemutauro wechiArabhu, asi kuti ivo (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vaiita khutbah nechiArabhu nekuti waive mutauro wavo uye mutauro wevanhu vavo.
Uye zvakanyanya kukodzera kumuparidzi ndezvekuti aite khutbah nemutauro wechiArabhu ozoishandura kumutauro wenyika yake, achitevedzera Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, mukhutbah dzavo, uye kuitira kuti abve mukupesana kwevadzidzi panyaya iyi.
Uye zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakuturikira, kuita izvo zvakanyanya kunakira vateereri, kungava kuiturikira muzvikamu mushure mechikamu chimwe nechimwe chekhutbah, kana kunonoka kuturikira kuti kuzoitwa mushure mekupera kwekhutbah nemutauro wechiArabhu Swalaah isati yaitwa.
Saizvozvowo, zvinobvumidzwa kuturikira Khutbah ipapo-ipapo, nekutepfenyura kuturikira ikoko kuburikidza nechiteshi chekutepfenyura, uye kushandiswa kwemichina yekugamuchira kuturikira ikoko nevanamati vasingagone chiArabhu. Uye izvi hazvionekwi sezvisina maturo zvinorambidzwa, kungava kune muturikiri kana kune anoteerera; nokuda kwezvakanakira ruzhinji zvirimo, uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekhutbah.
Nyaya yechinomwe: Zvinodiwa panaKhatwib (muparidzi):
Muparidzi wepaMasjid anotorwa sembiru nesimba reMasjid, kuburikidza naye musikiti unozadzisa basa rawo mukuparadzira da'wah, kudzidzisa vanhu vemunharaunda, nekuvhenekera vanhu panyaya dzechitendero chavo. Naizvozvo kana muparidzi aine ruzivo, akangwara, aine muono wakadzama, uye achiziva tsika nemamiriro evanhu, pesvedzero yake inenge yakanaka uye ichibatsira mugungano repaMasjid, nemuvagari venharaunda mune Masjid yacho, achivadzidzisa, achivapa gwara, nekuvatungamirira kune zvese zvakanaka nehunhu hwakarurama.
Uye ndizvo zvakanga zvakaita vaparidzi avo vaizadzisa zvinodiwa pakuita khutbah. Mumazuva ekutanga eIslam, Muporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, ndivo vaive muparidzi, kuchitevera maKhalifa (vatungamiri) avo vakatungamirwa mugwara rakarurama mushure mavo, kuchitevera vatongi, vatungamiri, nyanzvi dzechitendero nevanhu vane chiremerera. Uye izvi zvinoratidza kuti uyo anotora basa iri anofanira kuva pachinhanho chepamusoro muchitendero, hunhu, ruzivo, nemaitiro.
Uye pano ndipo panobuda kukosha kwebasa iri muhupenyu hwevanhu; sezvo simba revaparidzi rinoonekwa munharaunda dzavo, uye utera hwavo hunoonekwa pamhedzisiro yahunosiya munharaunda idzodzo; nokuti Masjid ndiyo inodzidzisa vanhu vemunharaunda kubatanidza zvinotaurwa nezvinoitwa. Saka kana muparidzi aine utera paruzivo, papfungwa kana pachimiro chake, kana aine tsika nezviito zvakaipa anokuvadza uye haabatsiri. Kana riri basa remuparidzi kutungamirira vanonamata kune zvakanaka, kururama, uye kugadzirisika, zvino zvinonetsa kuti muparidzi asina ruzivo akwanise kuzadzisa basa guru iri.
Muparidzi anogona kunge aine zvese zvinodiwa pabasa iri maererano neruzivo nekugona kwake, asi anogona kunge akabatikana nemamwe mabasa anokanganisa mwero wekuita kwake.
Anogonawo kusawana nguva yakakwana yekugadzirira khutbah inoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, zvobva zvaita kuti auye kuvanhu — sezvakataurwa na Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyya (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi)— aine khutbah isingasimudziri mumoyo kutenda muna Allah (Mwari), kana kusimbisa humwechete hwavo, kana ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pavo, kana kuyeuchidza nezvenyasha dzavo nezvipo zvavo pavari, uye isingakurudzire mweya kuti ude Allah (Mwari) uye ushuwire kusangana navo. [162]. [162] Zaad Al-Ma'aad fii Hadyi Khayr Al-Ibaad: (1/ 409).
Anogona kukurirwa nezvido zvake, kusaziva, kukakavadzana, kana kupfurikidza mwero kunoshorwa, izvo zvinomubvisa pakuva nemuono wakarurama, kurairira kwakanaka, nekuparidza nenzira yehungwaru nemazwi anozorodza.
Zvirokwazvo, Masjid ine basa guru muchitendero chino; nokuti inzvimbo yechiedza chekutungamirira umo muranda anosangana naTenzi vake, kutenda kwake kuchisimbiswa, uye anosangana nehama dzake kuti vabatane mukuita kuti hunhu hwakanaka hutekeshere uye kurwisa huipi. Masjid haigoni kuita basa iri kunze kwekunge Allah (Mwari) aipa Imaam ane zvinodiwa zveruzivo nehunhu hwakanaka hunodiwa kune wese anobata chinzvimbo chikuru ichi uye anoita mabasa aro akakosha.
Zvinodiwa zveruzivo zvakanyanya kukosha izvo zvinofanirwa kuwanikwa pamuparidzi:
1- Kuzvipira pabasa kuna Allah (Mwari); kuti ave anotsigirwa, anokundiswa, anotambirwa uye anodiwa naAllah (Mwari) nevanhu.
2- Kuve kure nekushamisira uye nekuzvitutumadza; nekuti zvinhu zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvazvo, uye zviito zvinoenderana nezvinangwa, uye zvirokwazvo munhu wese anowana zvinoenderana nechinangwa chake, uye uyo anozvishongedza nezvisiri maari Allah (Mwari) vanomunyadzisa.
3 - Anofanira kuva anoziva nemusoro Bhuku raAllah (Mwari) kana kuziva nemusoro chikamu charo, uye kugara achidzokorora zvaanoziva nemusoro, uye kuva nechikamu chaanotara chemuQur'an chaanoverenga zuva nezuva.
4 - Anofanira kuti azive nemusoro maHadith eMuporofita akati kuti, kubva mubhuku rinonzi Riyadh Asw-Swalihin, kana Al-Arba'in An-Nawawiyyah, kana kubva muBulugh Al-Maraam, kana mune mamwe magwaro eHadith anovimbwa nawo.
5- Anofanira ķudzidza kutenda kwakarurama, kutenda kwemaSalaf asw-Swaalih.
6- Anofanira kuti adzidze ruzivo rwemitemo yechitendero, zvikurusei ruzivo rwezvekunamata, uye chinonyanya kukosha pane izvi ndezvine chekuita neTwahaarah (kuzvichenesa), neSwalaah, neZakaah, nekutsanya, saizvozvowo ruzivo rwekudyidzana; kuitira kuti azive nheyo dzekuwana nekushandisa pfuma, uye oyambira vanhu kubva mukubiridzira, nekunyengedza, nekutora pfuma dzevanhu nenzira isiri pamutemo, uye ovayambira zvakare nezvekupambadza, kuparadza pfuma, kuomera, nekunyima, kuitira kuti mashandisiro avo epfuma ave muchiedza cheBhuku (Qur'aan) neSunnah.
7- Anofanira kuti anyatsogona mutauro wechiArabhu kuitira kuti azive zvinoreva izvo zvakadzikiswa naAllah (Mwari) kuna Mutumwa wavo ,rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, nokuti Qur'aan rakadzika nemutauro wemaArabhu.
8- Anofanira kuverenga nhoroondo yeMuporofita, hunhu hwaMuhammad, nenhoroondo dzemaSalaf asw-Swaalih; nokuti mazviri mune gwara rakarurama, muenzaniso wakanaka, hupfumi hweruzivo hunobatsira, netsika dzeIslam dzepamusoro.
9- Anofanira kuziva nyanzvi dzechitendero dzemunyika make nevamwewo vane ruzivo rwakadzama, vanozivikanwa nekuchena kwe'Aqidah (kutenda), ruzivo, nenjere, uye anofanirwa kudzokera kwavari mune zvese zvaanoda munyaya dzechitendero nekugadzirisa matambudziko enharaunda yake.
10- Anofanira kuti azive mapoka eIslam nekutenda kwawo, nemaonero epfungwa nezvinangwa zvawo, nedzidziso dzinoparadza nezvinangwa zvadzo, kuitira kuti akwanise kukurukura nezvazvo pachiedza chebhuku raAllah vekumusoro-soro, neSunnah yemutumwa wavo ﷺ, nezvakanyorwa nenyanzvi dzemaMuslim dzinotsvakurudza zvakadzama, otsoropodza manyepo azvo, uye oyambira nezvekurasika kwazvo.
11- Anofanira kuti ave nehanya nemamiriro emaMuslim, nekushaya simba kwavo pamwe nekudzvinyirirwa kwavanoitwa nevavengi, uye achiziva kuti izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuva kure kwavo negwara raAllah (Mwari) rakarurama, rakatwasuka, nekusatebda muna Allah (Mwari) zvakasimba nekusaterera mutemo wavo. Saka anobva ashingaira mukuvadzidzisa zvinovabatsira muchitendero chavo nehupenyu hwepasi.
12- Anofanira kuziva nezvenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekufambisa mashoko, nekuziva zvazvakanakira nezvazvakaipira, uye kuti angabatsirikane nadzo sei pakukoka kuna Allah (Mwari), nekuchenjerera njodzi dzinowanikwa madziri kwaari iye pachezvake nekuvanhu vari munharaunda yake.
Uye kana zvinodiwa izvi zvikawanikwa kumuparidzi weJumu'ah; izvozvo zvinounza kururama nekuyanana, nemvumo yaAllah (Mwari) vekumusoro-soro.
Mbiru dzinokosha dzehunhu hwakanaka ndedzekuti:
1- Zvinokodzera kuti muparidzi weMasjid ave mukoki kuna Allah (da'iyah) nemudzidzisi kune gungano repaMasjid nevanhu vanogara vachiuya kuMasjid kwake vanobva munharaunda yake nevamwewo. Saka zvinosungirwa kuti aite Mutumwa waAllah rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari, semuenzaniso wake; nekuti ndiye muenzaniso wakanaka, gwara rakanaka, uye muenzaniso wepamusoro-soro kune Ummah nevatungamiri. Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Zvirokwazvo muna Mutumwa waAllah mune muenzaniso wakanaka kwamuri, kune uyo ane tariro muna Allah (Mwari) neZuva Rekupedzisira, uye anorangarira Allah (Mwari) zvakanyanya. 21} [Al-Ahzab: 21].
Uye kuti azvichengetedze pamwe chete nevanouya kuMasjid kwake kubva mukutaura nezvenyika nezvematongerwo enyika, uye kuti aite kuti Masjid ive nzvimbo yakatsaurirwa kudzidza nekunamata chete.
2- Anofanira kuti ave munhu akachena uye akarongeka pachake, uye zvakare achichengetedza kuchena kweMasjid, kuronga zvinhu zvayo nekuzvirongedza, kuchengetedza zvinoshandiswa ipapo, achiregedza kupfurikidza mwero pakuita izvi, nekuregedza kushongedza Masjid.
3- Anofanira kuva ane tsika dzakanaka nemaitiro akanaka, achitevedzera Sunnah yaMuporofita, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, kuburikidza nekurega ndebvu dzichikura nekudambura ndebvu dzepamusoro pemuromo, pamwe nekurega kupfeka zvipfeko zvakarebesa, uye kuramba aine chiremera nekudzikama, pamwe nekuva anotevedzera gwara remaSalaf asw-Swaalih, Allah ngaavanzwire tsitsi.
4- Anofanira kuti ave munyoro, ane moyo murefu uye ane tsitsi; nokuti hunyoro kana huri mune chinhu hunochishongedza, uye kana hwabviswa pachinhu hunochishatisa. Aisha mwanasikana waAbu Bakr (Allah ngavafadzwe naye), akati Mutumwa, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari vakati: «Zvirokwazvo hunyoro hauvi muchinhu kunze kwekuti hunochishongedza, uye haubviswi kubva muchinhu kunze kwekuti hunochishatisa» [163]. [163] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (2594).
Saka kana mumwe wevanopinda muMasjid akakanganisa, muparidzi haafaniri kumutsiura nehasha, asi anofanira kumupa zano nehunyoro; uye nekumudzidzisa nenzira yakanaka. Mu'awiyah bin Al-Hakam As-Sulami, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, akati: Panguva yandaiita Swalaah pamwechete naMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari); mumwe murume mugungano akahotsira, ndokubva ndati: 'Allah vakunzwirei tsitsi', vanhu vakabva vanditi ndee nemaziso avo, ndokubva ndati: 'Nhamo ndeyeamai vangu! Chii chiri kunetsa nemi kuti munditarise kudaro?' Vakabva vatanga kurova zvidya zvavo nemaoko avo, pandakaona vachindinyararidza, ndakabva ndanyarara zvangu. Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) pavakapedza Swalaah, baba vangu naamai vangu ngavave chibayiro kwavari, (havana kundiitira hasha) handisati ndakamboona mudzidzisi, pamberi pavo kana mushure mavo, aidzidzisa zvakanaka kuvapfuura. Ndinopika naAllah (Mwari), havana kundiomesera - kureva kuti: havana kundishungurudza kana kundipopotera - havana kundirova kana kundituka, vakati: «Zvirokwazvo, muSwalaah iyi hamubvumidzwe kana kutaura, inongova yekuita Tasbeeh, neTakbeer, nekuverenga Qur'an.» [164]. [164] Yakarondedzerwa naMuslim: (537).
5- Anofanira kuti ave munyoro ane mwoyo une tsitsi; kuitira kuti aunganidze vanhu kwaari kuti vabatsirike netsitsi dzake, rubatsiro rwake neruzivo rwake, uye kuti amire navo mumatambudziko avo nezvavanoshaya, uye anofanirwa kupangana navo pazvinhu zvine chekuita nebasa reMasjid.
Uye Mutumwa waAllah (Allah ngavavakomborere nekuvapa rugare) vaive pachinzvimbo chepamusoro-soro pane izvi zvese, sezvakataura Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro pamusoro pavo vachiti: {Naizvozvo kuburikidza nenyasha dzinobva kuna Allah (Mwari) wakava munyoro kwavari. Uye dai wakanga wakasharara, uine moyo mukukutu, zvirokwazvo vangadai vakapararira kubva kwauri. Naizvozvo varegerere, uye uvakumbirire ruregerero, uye rangana navo munyaya dzese. Zvino kana watsunga, vimba naAllah (Mwari). Zvirokwazvo, Allah (Mwari) vanoda avo vanovimba navo. 159} [Aal Imraan: 159].
6- Anofanira kuti ave nekutsungirira nekutenda kwakasimba; kuti ave akakodzera rukudzo rwekuva Imaam muMasjid make uye mutungamiri wevanhu vemunharaunda make; nokuti kutsungirira nekutenda kwakasimba zvinosvitsa muranda pachinhanho chekuva mutungamiri muchitendero. Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Uye takaisa pakati pavo vatungamiri vaitungamirira nemurairo wedu pavakatsungirira, uye vaive nechokwadi nezviratidzo zvedu 24} [As-Sajdah: 24].
7- Anosungirwa kuva wechokwadi mune zvaanotaura, zvingave mukhutbah yeJumu'ah, kana muchidzidzo chekudzidzisa nemharidzo, kana mukutaura kwake nevanhu; kuitira kuti ave pakati peavo vechokwadi, vakapihwa gwara uye vakabudirira. Zvirokwazvo zvakauya muHadith kubva kuMutumwa (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paVari) kuti Vakati: «Batisisai chokwadi; nekuti zvirokwazvo chokwadi chinotungamirira kukururama, uye zvirokwazvo kururama kunotungamirira kuParadhiso. Uye munhu anoramba achireva chokwadi uye achishingirira pachokwadi kusvika anyorwa kuna Allah (Mwari) semurevi wechokwadi. Uye ngwarirai nhema; nekuti zvirokwazvo nhema dzinotungamirira kuhuipi, uye zvirokwazvo huipi hunotungamirira kuMoto. Uye munhu anoramba achireva nhema uye achishingirira panhema kusvika anyorwa kuna Allah semurevi wenhema.» [165]. [165] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (6094), naMuslim: (2607), kubva muhadith yaAbdullah bin Mas'ud, Allah ngavafadzwe naye.
Kunyepa kwakaipa uye idambudziko, uye kunyepa kukuru kunyepa pamusoro paAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro nekutaura nezvavo pasina ruzivo.Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakataura kuti: {Iti: “Zvirokwazvo, Tenzi vangu vakarambidza hunhu hunonyadzisa huri pachena nehwakavanzika, nezvitadzo, nehudzvanyiriri pasina kodzero, uye kuti musanganise Allah (Mwari) neizvo zvavasina kutumira humbowo hwazvo, uye kuti mutaure pamusoro paAllah (Mwari) izvo zvamusingazivi.” 33} [Al-A'raaf: 33].
Saka ndima inoremekedzwa iyi yakaunganidza zvivi zvikuru, ichitanga nezviri pasi kuzoenda kune zviri pamusoro-soro, zvinova kutaura pamusoro paAllah (Mwari) pasina ruzivo mumazita avo, mumaitiro avo, nemumutemo wavo.
Uye kunyepa pamusoro pemutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dza Allah ngazvive kwavari) ndiko kumwe kwekunyepa kukuru nechivi chakaipisisa, uye ndechimwe chezvivi zvikuru izvo uyo anozviita anotyisidzirwa neMoto. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah (Allah ngavafadzwe naye) akati: Ndakanzwa Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vachiti: «Zvirokwazvo, kureva nhema nezvangu hakuna kufanana nekureva nhema nezvechero ani zvake, ani naani anoreva nhema nezvangu nemaune, ngaatore nzvimbo yake kuMoto.» [166]. [166] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (1291), naMuslim: (4).
Uye anofanira kuregedza kunyepa, kunyange aine vavariro yakanaka nechinangwa chekukurudzira kune zvakanaka nekutyisidzira kubva kune zvakaipa, sezvinoitwa nevamwe vaparidzi; nekuti izvi zvakashata, hazvina zvakanaka mazviri kana nhungamiro. Uye uyo anotaura nhema anowana chivi asingawani mubairo, uye mutadzi asina chaanowana.
8- Anofanira kuva anovimbika pakusvitsa mashoko, uye kuongorora chokwadi chenhaurwa, uye kusakurumidza kugamuchira runyerekupe, uye kusavimba kunze kweshoko rakavimbika. Zvirokwazvo Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakatirayira izvozvo mushoko ravo vachiti: {VImi vatendi! Kana mutadzi akauya kwamuri nenhau, ongororai, pamwe mungazokuvadza vanhu nekusaziva, mukazova vanozvidemba pane zvamunenge maita. } (6) [Al-Hujuraat: 6].
9- Anofanira kushingirira pakuvanza kutadza kwevanhu, uye kuvanza zvakavanzika zvavo, nekuti uyo anovanza zvitadzo zvemamuMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vanovanza kutadza kwavo panyika nemuhupenyu hwemangwana. Uye uyo anotevedza zvinonyadzisa zvemaMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vanotevedza zvinonyadzisa zvake kusvikira vamufumura kunyangwe ari mukatikati memba yake. Abdullah bin Umar, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare navo iye nababa vake, akati Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakati: «Ani naani anovanza kutadza kwemuMuslim, Allah (Mwari) vachavanza kutadza kwake pazuva rekutongwa.» [167]. Uye Abu Barzah Al-Aslami (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) akati: «Veduwe-e Imi boka reavo vakatenda nerurimi rwavo, asi kutenda kusati kwapinda mumoyo mavo, musataure makuhwa nezvemaMuslim, uye musatsvage zvakavanzika zvavo; nokuti zvirokwazvo, uyo anotsvaga zvakavanzika zvavo, Allah (Mwari) vanotsvaga zvakavanzika zvake, uye uyo anotsvagirwa zvakavanzika zvake naAllah (Mwari), vanomunyadzisa ari mumba make.» [168]. [167] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (2442), naMuslim: (2580). [168] Yakarondedzerwa naAbu Dawud: (4880).
Nyaya yechisere: Tsika dzeKhutbah naKhatwib:
1- Zvinosungirwa kuti khutbah yeJumu'ah ichengetedzwe kubva pakutorwa senzira yekushambadza munhu, kana bato, kana sangano, kana zvimwewo zvakadaro, uye inofanira kuitirwa Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro chete nechitendero chavo, nekuita kuti da'wah yavo itekeshere, nekusimudzira shoko ravo, Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Uye kuti maMasjid ndeaAllah (Mwari), saka musanamate chero ani zvake pamwechete naAllah.18} [Al-Jinn: 18].
2- Zvakakodzera kuti Khatwib asarebese khutbah kusvika padanho rinoremera vateereri nekuvabvisa chido chekunzwa Khutbah, uye kuti asaipfupikise kusvika padanho rinokanganisa dzidziso yake nekuidamburira.
3- Zvinokodzera kuti muparidzi, paanenge achipa khutbah, afunge nezvekugadzirira kwevateereri. Ngaashandise mashoko anonzwisisika kuvanhuwo zvavo zvinoenderana nekunzwisisa kwavo, achidzivisa mazwi akaoma kana ari kure nekufunga kwavo. Ngaave pakati nepakati kune vane ruzivo rwepakati, uye ashandise mutauro wakarongeka kune vane ruzivo rwakadzama. Nokudaro anenge aine huchenjeri pakubata mapoka ose evanhu, achiisa zvinhu munzvimbo yazvo yakafanira. Uye nguva dzose ngaaregedze o kushongedzwa kwese kwemashoko kwenhema.
4- Kuti aregedze kupinda munyaya dzekupesana dzinomutsa chigumbu neruvengo; nekuti basa guru remuparidzi nderekudzidzisa vanhu nekubatanidza mwoyo yavo pachokwadi, nekubvisa zvikonzero zvekupesana pakati pavo.
5- Ngaarege kuzvinetsa nekushandisa mutauro une mutinhimira wakawandisa kana kunyanyisa kudzama, asi chinangwa chake chikuru ngachive chekusvitsa pfungwa dzinobatsira nemashoko akajeka zvikuru uye mapfupi.
6- Ngaarege kutevedzera vamwe nenzira isingafarirwa uye kuzvimanikidza kutaura nenzira isirii yake, kana kuzviita sevaparidzi vane mukurumbira; nokuti izvi zvinoita kuti moyo yevanhu isagadzikane nekusagutsikana. [169]. [169] Tarisa bhuku rinonzi: Khutbah al-Jumu’ah raAbdullah bin Daifallah Al-Ruhaili: (peji: 12, 20, 22), nerinonzi Khamsun Waswiyyah li takuna khatwiban naajihan raAmir bin Muhammad Al-Madari (peji: 33, 73, 87).
Nyaya yepfumbamwe: Donzvo reKhutbah nezvinangwa zvayo:
Khutbah yeJumu'ah inofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvinotevera:
1- Kutsanangura nheyo dzeTawhid (Humwechete hwaAllah), nekukosha kwayo uye nekunaka kwayo, nekuyambira pamusoro pekunamata Allah (Mwari) nevamwe anamwari muzvikamu zvacho zvese, nezvimiro zvacho, nenzira dzacho.
2- Kupa yeuchidzo nekuyeuchidza nezvaAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro, nekutonga kwavo nemuripo wavo muhupenyu hwamangwana, uye nedzidziso dzehumwari dzinoraramisa moyo, nekukoka vanhu kune zvakanaka, kuraira vanhu kuti vaite zvakanaka nekurambidza mabasa akaipa.
3-Kuti maMuslim vanzwisise uye kuvadzidzisa chokwadi chechitendero chavo kubva muBhuku raAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro nemuSunnah yeMutumwa wawo, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, nekuchengeta hunhu hwakanaka netsika dzakanaka, nekuve kure nekupfurikidza mwero kana kushaya hanya nechitendero.
4- Kugadzirisa manzwisisiro asiri iwo pamusoro peIslam, nekupindura kusava nechokwadi nenhema zvinosimudzwa nevanoipikisa kuitira kuvhiringidza pfungwa, nenzira inogutsa uye ine hungwaru, iri kure nekukakavadzana nekutukana.
5- Kupikisa pfungwa dzinoparadza nedzinotsausa nekuratidza Islam yechokwadi senzira chaiyo yeUmmah, iyo Allah (Mwari) vakagutsikana nayo kwairi, uye Ummah ikagutsikana nayo pachayo sechitendero, pamwe nekuburitsa pachena mamimiro ayo anosanganisira kubata zvinhu zvese, kuenzanisa, kudzama, nekuva nepfungwa dzinovaka.
6- Kubatanidza khutbah nehupenyu, uye nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo ari kuraramwa nevanhu, uye izvi zvichiitwa kuburikidza nekutsvaga zvinobvisa matambudziko ari munharaunda, nekugadzirisa matambudziko ayo, zvichibva muShari'ah yeIslam yakanakisa, pamwe nekuva nehanya ne'Aqidah nekuigadzirisa, nembiru dzeIslam nekutenda, nenyaya dzemadzimai nemhuri yechiMuslim, nedzimwewo nyaya dzinodiwa nevanhu.
7- Kucherechedza zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodzokororwa pagore rega rega, seRamadhaan neHajj nezvimwewo, izvo zvinobata pfungwa dzevateereri zvichivapa shungu dzekuwana ruzivo runovavhenekera nzira maererano nazvo.
8- Kusimbisa pfungwa yehukama hwechiIslam pakati pemaMuslim, uye kurwisa mafungiro ekusarura uye mapoka anoparadzanisa, angave erudzi, echikoro chedzidziso, kana ematunhu nezvimwe zvinopatsanura maMuslim.
Nyaya yeGumi: Maitirwo ekugadzirira Khutbah:
Muparidzi anofanirwa kuve nehanya nekugadzirira khutbah nemazvo, uye anotarisa zvinotevera:
Khutbah kazhinji inoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu: nhanganyaya, muviri wenyaya, nemhedziso. Uye izvi zvikamu zvisingadudzwi pachena panguva yekunyora kana kuitwa kwayo, asi zvakare zviri zvikamu zvinopindirana nekuenderana, izvo kunaka kwekubatana kwazvo kunoenderana nekugona kwemuparidzi, hudzamu hweruzivo rwake, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwake, zvichibva zvaita kuti zvikamu zveKhutbah zvirongeke uye kuumbwa kwayo kusimbiswe.
Hurongwa uhwu uye kurongeka uku zvinoita kuti zvinorehwa zvive zvakajeka uye zvinangwa zvibude pachena, uye zvinoita kuti anotaura awane kuteererwa zvakanaka nevateereri vake uye kuti vaagere navo vaise pfungwa dzavo dzese paari.
Nhanganyaya: Muparidzi anofanirwa kunyatsokoshesa nhanganyaya yake uye mavambo ake, obva auya nemashoko ekutanga anoratidza kune muteereri chinangwa chekhutbah, izvo zvinokwezva pfungwa nekugadzirira hana dzevateereri. Izvi zvinogona kuva kuburikidza nemavhesi eQur'aan anoyambira kana anokurudzira, kana humwe huchenjeri hweMuporofita hwakadzama. Uye mashoko emavambo ndicho chinhu chekutanga chinotaurwa nemuparidzi (khatiib) kune vateereri vake, saka kana akavashamisa zvinofadza nenhanganyaya yakanaka pakutanga, vanokwanisa kutevera chikamu chasara chekhutbah yake nechido uye nesimba.
Uye zvinokodzera kuti pekutanga kwemashoko pave nezvinotaridza chinangwa chemuparidzi, kuchizivikanwa kuti Khutbah yeJumu’ah inotanga nekurumbidza Allah (Mwari) nekuvakudza, nehuchapupu huviri (Shahadatain), uye nekukumbira makomborero nerugare kuna Mutumwa waAllah (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari). Saka mumashoko aya anofanira kusarudzwa zvakanaka zvinotaridza dingindira reKhutbah nechinangwa chayo.
Musoro wenyaya: Ndicho chinangwa chikuru cheKhutbah, uye zvingava zvakakodzera kuutaura zvakajeka pakutanga peKhutbah sekuti angati: Ndinoda kutaura nemi nezvekuti ... kana iri imwe yenyaya dzemazuva ano idzo vanhu vari munharaunda vari kukurukura nezvadzo uye vachitarisira kuwana mashoko anogutsa padziri.
Pane dzimwe nguva zvinenge zvisina kunaka kutaura nyaya pachena, kungave nekuti inonetsa kana kuti inokonzera kupatsanuka kwevanhu. Mumamiriro akadaro, muparidzi anofanira kupinda munyaya zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuibata nenzira isiri yekunanga, achitora vateereri nenzira ine kurongeka nehungwaru, kusvika pachinangwa chake nenzira ine mwero uye kuenzanirana, achidzivisa kumutsa hasha kana kupatsanura vanhu. Nenzira iyi anozadzisa chinangwa chake chekugadzirira mwoyo yevanhu, kana vainge vasina hanya nazvo, kana kana nyaya yacho iri itsva kwavari uye isingawirirani nezvavakajaira.
Uye dingindira rekhutbah kazhinji rinovakwa pambiru mbiri dzinokosha dzinoti: kujekesa nekupa humbowo.
Kujekesa: kunoitwa nekutaura tsananguro yenyaya iri kutaurwa nezvayo, nekutaura mamiriro ayo, zviri mairi, uye zvayakanakira.
Pakupa humbowo: kazhinji nyaya inoda zvinoitsigira kuburikidza nehumbowo, nheyo dzakasimba, zviratidzo nemienzaniso, izvo kazhinji zvinobva muQur’an neSunnah, nemumashoko emaSalaf asw-Swaalih, pamwe nekuunza zvimwe zviitiko nenhau senzira yekufananidza nekutora zvidzidzo. Uye zvinobatsira panyaya iyi kutora mashoko kubva kuvatungamiri vane mukurumbira nevachenjeri, avo vaizivikanwa nekururama, hutungamiri, hunhu hwakanaka, kusatevedza zvepasi rino, hushingi, pamwe nekutya Mwari, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa panguva yacho uye zvakakodzera kune zviri kutaurwa.
Magumo eKhutbah: Mushure mekunge muparidzi apedza kutsanangura dingindira rake, zvakanaka kuti apedzise khutbah yake nemagumo akakodzera, ayo anounganidza pfungwa dzake, nekupfupikisa dingindira rake, nemashoko akasiyana, uye nenzira pfupi, nekuti kurebesa panguva iyi kunounza kufinhwa uye kunovhiringidza pfungwa dzevateereri.
Uye mhedziso haifanirwe kuti ive nepfungwa itsva nehumbowo hutsva; nekuti kana zvakadaro inenge isisiri mhedziso, asi kuti chikamu chekhutbah nekuenderera mberi kwayo.
Uye mhedziso inofanirwa kuva yakasimba mumazwi ayo nepesvedzero yayo, nekuti ndiwo mashoko ekupedzisira kusvika munzeve dzemuteereri uye achisara mundangariro dzake, uye kana asina simba mukurongeka kwayo, asina shungu mukutaurwa kwayo, pundutso yeKhutbah inorasika.
Uye mhedziso inogona kuva ndima dzeQur'aan dzaasina kumbotaura kare, anobatanidza musoro wenyaya mukukurudzira kana kuyambira, kana kupa humbowo nekutsinhidzira, uye inogona kuva Hadith yeMuporofita inoburitsa zvinoreva zvakafanana nezvinoburitswa nendima dzeQur'aan, uye kudzokororwa kwezvikamu zveKhutbah nemaitiro akasiyana uye nenzira yakazara iri pachena, zvinogona kuva zvine pesevedzero huru.
Uye pane nyaya mbiri dzinofanira kucherechedzwa neuyo anoita khutbah, dzinoti: kuva nedingindira rimwechete, hutsva, neshanduko.
Humwechete hwedingindira: Zvakakodzera kugumira padingindira rimwechete, kuti zvikamu zvaro zvizadziswe, mashoko aro anatsiridzwe, uye kutsanangurwa kwaro kudzamiswe; nokuti kupatsanuka kwedingindira nekuwanda kwenyaya panzvimbo imwechete kunovhiringidza pfungwa, zvichiita kuti zvimwe zvataurwa zvikanganwike pamusana pezvimwe, uye zvinokonzeresa kurebesa kunofinha, kupa mufananidzo usina kujeka, pamwe nekutsanangurwa kusina kudzika.
Hutswa nekushanduka: izvi zvinoreva kuti khutbah dzake dzese dzisava panyaya dzinodzokororwa dzaasingabudi madziri, asi anofanira kudzisiyanisa panyaya dzake; kuitira kuti dzisanganise nyaya dzese dzeShari'ah, kubva paTawhid, zvekunamata, kudyidzana, hunhu, nezvimwewo.
Uye haafaniri kuramba achitevedzera nzira imwe chete mumutauro wake nenzira yake yekusvitsa shoko, asi dzimwe nguva anofanira kushandisa mibvunzo, uye dzimwe nguva otsanangura zvakajeka, nekupa mienzaniso, nekuongorora huchenjeri nezvakavanzika, pamwe chete nezvinotarisirwa kwaari zvekunzwisisa zviri kuitika munharaunda, nekuziva zvinodiwa nevanhu, kuvatungamira nekuvajekesera, kuitira kufambirana nezvinokonzerwa neshanduko idzi pavari[170]. [170] Tarisa (mubhuku rinonzi): Manhaj fii I'daad Khutbat al-Jumu'ah naDr. Saalih bin 'Abdullah bin Humaid: (peji 22) nemapeji anotevera.
Chikamu Chechina: Mitemo yeMasjid
Chikamu Chekutanga: Tsananguro yeMasjid
Masjid muShari'ah: zvinoreva nzvimbo inoitirwa minamato mishanu inosungirwa, neJumu'ah neimwewo, uye panodaidzirwa Adhaan. Yakanzi Masjid; nekuti inzvimbo yekuitira Sujud (luisa chisvo pasi) kuna Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro.
Musiyano pakati peMasjid neMusalla
Masjid inzvimbo yakatsaurirwa minamato inosungirwa nguva dzose, uye yakaitwa waqf kuti iite basa iroro. Asi Muswalaah, inzvimbo yakagadzirirwa kuitira Swalaah apo nepapo; semaMuswalaah emuzvikoro, emasangano, emumakambani, emunzira munofamba vanhu, nezvimwewo, asi unenge usina kuitwa waqf yeminamato mishanu. Zvakare, hazvisi muSunnah kuita Tahiyyatul-Masjid pakupinda paMuswalaah, asi kuti iSunnah chete pakupinda muMasjid.
Chikamu Chechipiri: Kuvaka Masjidi uye kukosha kwazvo
MaMasjid ndidzo nzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzepasi uye dzinoremekedzwa zvikuru, umo munoitirwa basa rekunamata rakanakisisa rinova Swalaah. Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Mudzimba dzakabvumidzwa naAllah (Mwari) kuti dzikwidziridzwe uye kuti zita ravo rirangarirwe madziri; vanovarumbidza imomo mangwanani nemanheru 36} {Varume vasingakanganiswi nekutengeserana kana kutengesa pakurangarira Allah (Mwari), nekuita Swalaah uye nekupa Zakaah; vanotya zuva iro moyo nemeso zvichapinduka mariri 37} [An-Nur: 36- 37].
Uye zvirokwazvo Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakataura maMasjid pamwechete nezita ravo yekukudza nekuremekedza. Allah (Mwari) vekumusoro-soro vakataura kuti: {Uye ndeupi anotadza zvakanyanya kupfuura uyo anorambidza kuti zita raAllah (Mwari) rirumbidzwe mumaMasjid aAllah (Mwari) ...} [Al-Baqarah: 114], Uye Allah (Mwari) Vanorumbidzwa vakati: {Uye kuti mamasjid ndeaAllah (Mwari), saka musanamata chero ani zvake pamwechete naAllah (Mwari). 18} [Al-Jinn: 18].
Nokudaro, zvirokwazvo Shari'ah yakakurudzira kuvakwa nekuchengetedzwa kwayo nenzira dzinooneka nenzira dzisingaoneke. Izvi zviri mundima dzinosanganisira yekuti: Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Zvirokwazvo, avo vanogara mumamasjid aAllah (kunamata maari, kuachenesa pamwe nekuvaka) ndeavo vakatenda muna Allah (Mwari) neZuva rekupedzisira, uye vanoita Swalaah vachipa Zakaah, uye vasingatye ani naani zvake kunze kwaAllah (Mwari). Ava ndivo vanotarisirwa kuva pakati peavo vari mugwara rakanaka.18} [At-Tawbah: 18].
Uthman bin Affan (Allah ngavafare naye) akati: Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) akati: «Ani naani anovaka Masjid achitsvaga mubairo waAllah (Mwari), Allah (Mwari) vachamuvakira imba yakafanana nayo kuParadhiso.» [171]. [171] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (450), naMuslim: (533).
Jaabir bin Abdullah (Allah ngavafare naye nababa vake), akati Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati: «Uyo anovaka Masjid achida kupihwa mubairo naAllah (Mwari), kunyangwe yakakura sedendere rehwarimatondo, kana diki kudarika ipapo, Allah (Mwari) vachamuvakira imba kuParadhiso» [172]. [172] Yakarondedzerwa naIbn Maajah: (738), uye Al-Buswairi akati mu«Az-Zawaid» (1/ 94): Iyi isnaad yakanaka.
Uyezve Mutumwa, rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari vakati: «Kunyangwe sedendere rehwarimatondo» Kureva kuti: Nzvimbo inogadzirwa neshiri hadzi pasi kuitira mazai ayo, uye Mutumwa vaida kunyatsotaridza hudiki hwacho, kuitira kuti pasave nemunhu anorerutsa maMasjid aanovaka, kunyangwe ari madiki zvakanyanya.
Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira uyo anobatsira pakuvakwa kwayo kunyange nezvidhinha kana dhaka, kana kushanda mairi neruoko rwake, kana kubhadhara mari yevashandi, nezvimwewo zvakadaro pamabasa anoverengerwa kumuridzi wawo kuti akabatsira pakuvaka Masjid nemuviri wake kana nemari yake, achitarisira uye achitsvaga mubairo unotarisirwa pazviri, unova wekuti Allah (Mwari) vamuvakire yakafanana nayo kana yakakura kupfuura iyoyo kuParadhiso; sezvo imba yekuParadhiso isingaenzaniswi nezviri muhupenyu hwepanyika, uye hapana kuenzana pakati pazvo. Uye izvi ndizvo zvinokurudzira uyo akawedzererwa pfuma naAllah (Mwari) kuti akurumidze kuita mabasa akanaka, nekushandisa mukana muhupenyu huno, kuitira kuti atungamidze kuhupenyu hwake hwemangwana izvo achawana mubairo wazvo wakapetwa kakawanda kubva kuna Tenzi vake [173]. "[173] Tarisa (mubhuku rinonzi): «Fuswuul wa Masaa'il Tata'allaqu bil-Masaajid» yaSheikh Ibn Jibreen rahimahullah (p: 14)."
Chikamu chechitatu: Kuvaka nekuchengetedza maMasjid uye kukosha kwazvo
Kuvaka nekuchengetedza maMasjid mune zvazvinoreva zvakazara munosanganisira kuvaka kwemhando mbiri, kunoti: kuvaka chaiko nezvedhinha nekuita mabasa akanaka imomo. Nokudaro zvinosanganisira kuvaka maMasjid nekuagadzirisa, kuaisa mwenje nekuisa makapeti, kuita mabasa anodiwa paari nekuachenesa, kunamata Allah (Mwari) maari, kupinza basa maImaam nemaMu'adhin vepo, nekutanga zvidzidzo zveIslam maari; sekudzidzisa Qur'an, Fiqh, Tafsir, Hadith, nezvimwewo zvidzidzo zvinobatsira, pamwe nekupa zvekuzviriritira kune vanoshanda maari, nekuita mawaqf paari nezvose zvinounza pundutso kwaari, sekuita Waqf yedzimba dzaImaam, Mu'adhin, mudzidzisi neevadzidzi veruzivo rwechiIslam maari, kuvaka nzvimbo dzekuitira Wudhu, nezvimwewo zvakanaka kwaari.
Allah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro vakati: {Zvirokwazvo, maMasjid aAllah (Mwari) anofanirwa kugadzirwa neavo vanotenda muna Allah (Mwari), uye muzuva rekupedzisira, vanoita Swalaah, vanopa Zakaah, uye vasingatyi mumwe kunze kwaAllah (Mwari). Ava ndivo vari mugwara rechokwadi.18} [At-Tawbah: 18].
Ndima iyi inotsinhira kuti uyo anochengetedza maMasjid nekunamata maari, kuachenesa, nekugadzira zviri maari mutendi.[174]. [174] Tarisai bhuku rinonzi: «Al-Mashruu' wal-Mamnuu' fil-Masjid» raMuhammad al-Arfaj (peji: 9).
Chikamu chechina: Kuchenesa maMasjid uye kuachengetedza kubva kutsvina
Sezvo maMasjid ari nzvimbo dzekunamatira uye dzekuswedera pedyo naAllah (Mwari) kuburikidza nekuteerera Allah (Mwari), kwakauya murairo wekuachengetedza nekuadzivirira kutsvina, kuzvinhu zvisina kuchena, uye kumarara, kuitira kuti ave akachena, akanaka uye achiyevedza.
Sheikh Ibn Sa'di (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati pakutsanangura mashoko aAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro anoti: {Mudzimba dzakabvumidzwa naAllah kuti dzikudzwe, uye kuti zita ravo rirangarirwe imomo. Vanovarumbidza imomo mangwanani nemanheru 36} [An-Nur: 36] Vakataura kuti: "" {...kuti dzikudzwe uye kuti zita ravo rirangarirwe imomo...} "Iyi ndiyo mitemo yese ine chekuita nezvemaMasjid. Inosanganisira kuatsvaira, kuachenesa kubva mutsvina nezvinokuvadza, kuachengetedza kubva kuvanhu vanopenga nevana vadiki vasingazvidziviriri mutsvina, nekubva kune avo vasingatendi, uye kuti achengetedzwe kubva mukutaura zvisina maturo imomo, nekukwidza manzwi pane zvisiri zvekurangarira Allah (Mwari)"[175]. [175] «Tafsir As-Sa'di» (peji: 569).
Abu Hurairah, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, akati: "Mumwe mukadzi mutema aichenesa Masjid - kureva: kuitsvaira-, Mutumwa waAllah (Allah ngavavakomborere nekuvapa rugare) vakabva vamuona asipo, ndokubva vabvunza nezvake, vanhu vakati: Akashaya; vakabva vati: "Sei musina kundizivisa?" Abu Hurairah akati: 'Zvakaita sekuti vakarerutsa nyaya yake', Mutumwa ndokuti: "Ndiratidzei guva rake." Vakavaratidza, ndokumuitira Swalaah, vachibva vati: "Zvirokwazvo, makuva aya akazadzwa nerima kune vanogara maari, uye zvirokwazvo Allah (Samasimba ose vanokudzwa zvikuru) vanoavhenekera kwavari kuburikidza neSwalah yangu yandinovaitira." [176]. [176] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (460), naMuslim: (956).
Zvakatsinhirwa kubva kuna Anas, Allah (Mwari) ngavafare naye, kuti akati: "Pataive muMasjid pamwe chete naMutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah (Mwari) ngazvive pavari, pakauya mumwe murume wekurenje ndokusimuka achiita weti muMasjid, maSwahaabah aMutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, ndokubva vati: "Rega! Rega!" Mutumwa waAllah, rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakabva vati: «Musamuvhiringidze — kureva kuti, musamumisa paari kuita weti — musiyeyi akadaro.» Saka vakamusiya kusvikira apedza kuita weti, zvadaro Mutumwa waAllah (Mwari), rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakamushevedza ndokubva vati kwaari: «Zvirokwazvo, maMasjid aya haana kukodzera chero chii zvacho cheweti iyi kana tsvina, asi anongova ekurangarira Allah (Mwari), Samasimba Vane Hukuru, neSwalaah, pamwe nekuverenga Qur'an» Saka vakaraira mumwe murume aivepo, akabva auya nebhagidhi remvura ndokuridira paweti, zvichireva kuti: akadira mvura pamusoro peweti [177]. [177] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (219) muchidimbu, naMuslim: (285).
Uye hapana kupokana kuti weti nezvimwewo zvakasviba ndidzo dzimwewo mhando dzetsvina dzinofanirwa kuti maMasjid ichingetedzwe kubva mazviri uyezve zvinosungirwa kuzvigeza. Saka maMasjid nemakapeti awo nezvinobatanidzwa nazvo zvinosanganisira zvivanze, matenga nezvimwewo zvinofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kubva kumhando dzese dzetsvina, uye zvinoocheneswa pese panowira chimwe chazvo netsvina.
Naizvozvo zvakashumwa kuti maMasjid anofanirwa kucheneswa kubva kuzvinhu zvakasviba zvakaita segararwa, dzihwa, mate, ropa, hurwa, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Anas bin Maalik (Allah ngavafare naye), akati Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero zvaAllah ngazvive paari) vakaona gararwa pamadziro eQiblah, izvo zvakavarwadza kusvikira zvaonekwa pachiso chavo, vakabva vasimuka ndokuripara neruoko rwavo, ndokuti: "«Zvirokwazvo kana mumwe wenyu amira paSwalaah yake, anenge achitaura naTenzi vake - kana kuti Tenzi vake vari pakati pake neQiblah - naizvozvo mumwe wenyu ngaarege kupfira mate akatarisa kuQiblah yake, asi kuti anopfira kuruboshwe rwake kana pasi petsoka dzake» Ndokubva vabata mupendero wejira ravo, vakapfira mate mariri, vakabva vapeta divi rimwe pamusoro perimwe, vakati: «Kana kuti ngaaite zvakadai»" [178]. [178] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari, nhamba (405), naMuslim, nhamba (551).
Uye kune maHadith akawanda anoratidza kurambidzwa kwekupfira mate nekupfira madzihwa muMasjid, uye mune mamwe acho mune kurambidzwa kwekupfira mate munhu akananga kuQiblah kana kurutivi rwekurudyi, asi paine kubvumidzwa kwekupfira mate kurutivi rwekuruboshwe kana pasi petsoka yekuruboshwe, nekuakwiza netsoka. Uye hapana kupokana kuti mate nemadzihwa ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinosemesa pachizvarirwo, uye ndokusaka Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive paari) vakagumbuka pavakaona mate kudivi reQiblah remuMasjid, zvekuti chiso chavo chakatsvuka, ndokukasira kuakwenga, vakabva vazora panzvimbo iyoyo musanganiswa wepifiyumu inonhuwirira kana safuroni.
Uye zvinozivikanwa kuti kana Masjid yakavakwa nedhaka (ivhu), kupara (tsvina) kuri nyore, uye kuti pasi pacho ivhu, zvinokwanisika kufushira (tsvina) inowira pariri, kana kubvisa ivhu racho rine tsvina.
Sezvo maMasjid munguva dzino kazhinji anoiswa matairi uye akawaridzwa makapeti akachena, izvo zvinokanganiswa netsvina, uye panooneka makararwa, ropa, hurwa nezvimwewo, zvinosungirwa kurambidza zvachose kupfira mate pasi maari, pangave pakapeti kana pamadziro, kana pamatairi. Naizvozvo uyo anenge achida kupfira mate kana makarwa anofanirwa kubuda muMasjid, kana kupfira patishu obva azorirasa, kana kumucheto kwechipfeko chake opeta chimwe chidimbu pane chimwe sezvakataurwa muHadith, kuitira kuti Masjid igare yakachena uye yakanaka.
Aisha, Allah (Mwari) ngavafadzwe naye, akati: «Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero zvaAllah ngazvive paari) vakaraira kuvakwa kwemaMasjid munzvimbo dzese dzakakavakwa pekugara, uye kuti acheneswe nekuiswa pefiyumu». Sufyan akati: "Kuvaka maMasjid muzvimbo dzese dzakavakwa pekugara zvinoreva: munowanikwa marudzi evanhu"[179]. [179] Yakarondedzerwa naTirmidhi: (594), uye tarisa mubhuku rinonzi: «Fuswulu tata'allaku bil Masaajid» (peji: 27).
Chikamu Chechishanu: Mutemo wekuvaka Masjid pamusoro peguva kana kuisa guva muMasjid
Hazvitenderwe kuvaka Masjid paguva remunhu chero upi zvake, angava ani naani zvake; nekuti izvi zvakarambidzwa. Sheikhul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: Nyanzvi dzechitendero dzakabvumirana kuti Masjid haubvumirwi kuvakwa paguva; nekuti Muporofita (rugare netsitsi dzaAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakati: "Zvirokwazvo avo vakauya imi musati mavepo vaiita makuva maMasjid. Chenjerai! Musaita makuva maMasjid; nekuti ini ndakurambidzai izvozvo."
Uye hazvitenderwi kuviga mufi muMasjid, saka kana Masjid iri iyo yaivapo mufi asati avigwa, guva racho rinoshandurwa: kungava kuripwanya nekuenzanisa neMasjid yese, kana kurifukunura kana riri idzva.
"Uye kana Masjid yakavakwa mushure meguva: Masjid inogona kubviswa, kana kuti guva rinobviswa. Saka Masjid iri paguva hainamatirwi Swalaah yeFarad kana yeNafl mairi; nekuti izvozvo zvakarambidzwa"[180]." "[180] «Majmuu' Al-Fataawaa» (22/ 194)."
Uye humwe humbowo hweizvi, kunze kwezvakataurwa naSheikh Al-Islam (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi): hunosanganisira hadith yakabva kuna Aisha, naAbdullah bin Abbas vakati: Pakasvikirwa Mutumwa waAllah (Allah ngavavakomborere nekuvapa rugare) – kureva kuti: pakasvika rufu kwavari – vakatanga kufukidza chiso chavo nejira ravo, uye pavaipererwa nemweya naro vaibva varibvisa pachiso chavo, ndokuti vari mumamiriro iwayo: «Kutuka kwaAllah (Mwari) ngakuve pamaJudha nemaKristu, vakaita makuva evaporofita vavo maMasjid.» Achiyambira kuita zvakafanana nezvavakaita [181]. [181] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (435), naMuslim: (531).
Zvirokwazvo, Mutumwa (Allah ngavavakomborere nekuvapa rugare) vakajekesa vari mumarwadzo erufu kuti Allah (vane simba nehukuru) vakatuka maJudha nemaKristu nekuda kwekutora kwavo makuva evaporofita vavo semaMasjid, uye vakajekesa kuti izvozvo zvaive tsika yevasingatendi vakare. Izvi zvaive zvekuyambira Ummah yavo kuti isavatevedzere, uye nekuvavharira mukana wekubatanidza Allah (Mwari) nezvimwe zvinhu pakunamata pamwe nekunamata zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwavo.
Aisha, amai veVatendi, vakati Umm Habibah naUmm Salamah vakataura nezvekereke yavakaona kuAbyssinia yaive nemifananidzo, ndokuzvirondedzera kuMuporofita (Allah ngavavaropafadze nekuvapa rugare), vakabva vati: "«Zvirokwazvo, avo vanoti kana paine murume akarurama pakati pavo akafa, vanovaka Masjid paguva rake, vachigadzira imomo mifananidzo iyoyo. Avo ndivo vachave zvisikwa zvakaipisisa kuna Allah (Mwari) pazuva rekumutswa.»" [182]. [182] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (427), naMuslim: (528).
Aisha, Allah ngavafare naye, akati: "Mutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakati mukurwara kwavo kwavasina kuzopona: «Allah (Mwari) vakatuka maJudha nemaKristu, vakaita makuva evaporofita vavo maMasjid.» Uye dai zvisina kudaro, guva ravo ringadai rakaiswa pachena, asi kuti vaitya kuti ringatorwa seMasjid [183]. [183] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (1390), naMuslim: (529).
Chikamu Chechitanhatu: Mutemo wekushongedza maMasjid
Hazvina kukodzera kushongedza maMasjid nekudada nawo. Al-Bukhari akashuma kubva kuna Abdullah bin Abbas (Allah ngavafare naye iye nababa vake) kuti akati: "Zvirokwazvo muchashongedza maMasjid semashongedzerwe akaitwa nemaJudha nemaKristu."
Anas bin Malik, Allah ngavafare naye, akati: «Vanozvikudza nazvo pashure pezvo havanamati maari kunze kwekashoma».
Uye zvakashumwa kubva kuna Umar kuti akarayira kuti maMasjid avakwe akati: "«Dzivirira vanhu kubva kumvura inonaya, uye chenjera kushandisa ruvara rutsvuku kana rweyero; rwungazokanganisa vanhu» [184]." [184] Nhaurwa idzi dzakataurwa naAl-Bukhaari mu «Sahih» yake asina kuti yakabva kune Mutumwa asi akainyora nenzira inoratidza kuti yakabva kwavari (1/ 96- 97).
Kudada nemaMasjid kwawanda munguva dzino, uye vanhu vave kunyanyisa kuashongedza nekushandisa mari yakawandisa paari. Uye maSheikh akapa mutongo wekubvumidza kuvaka maMasjid akanaka kana dzimba nepekugara zvakavakwa saizvozvo, kuitira kuti maMasjid arege kuoneka akashata uye akaderera kana achienzaniswa nedzimba nepekugara, asi pasina kupfurikidza mwero nekuwedzeredza mukuashongedza, mumavara nependi, pamwe nekusiyanisa-siyanisa zvinhu zvinoshandiswa maari zvakaita semakeramiki, mataira, nemakapeti zvisingadiwe. Zvinozivikanwa kuti kune maMasjid anoda kuvakwa nemari shoma shoma. Saka mari inofanirwa kushandiswa mukuvaka maMasjid iwayo.
Abdullah bin Umar, Allah vafadzwe navo vose (iye nababa vake), akati «Masjid munguva yeMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) akanga akavakwa nezvidhinha zvedhaga, denga rayo riri remapazi emudheti, nembiru dzayo dziri dzematanda emudheti. Abu Bakr haana chaakawedzera kwairi, uye Umar akaiwedzera kukura ndokuivaka pamavakirwo ayo emunguva yaMutumwa waAllah (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) nezvidhinha zvedhaga nemapazi emudheti, ndokudzorera mbiru dzayo dziri dzematanda. Zvadaro Uthman akaishandura ndokuiwedzera kukura kwayo zvikuru. Akavaka madziro ayo nematombo akavezwa pamwe nedhaka rinosimbisa, uye akaita mbiru dzayo nematombo akavezwa, akagadzira denga rayo nematanda emubvamaropa» [185]. [185] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari: (446).
Sheikh mukuru Abdul Aziz bin Baz (Allah ngavamunzwire tsitsi) akati: "Zvakaitwa naUthman (Allah ngavafarire naye) zvinoratidza kushongedzwa kweMasjid nemabwe akavezwa, nematanda akanaka, neqassah kureva: kupenda madziro. Hapana chakaipa pane izvozvo, kunyange zvazvo hupenyu hweavo vakatanga (As-Salaf) hwakange hwakakodzera uye huri nani. Asi kana vanhu vakashongedza dzimba dzavo, vobva vasiya zvivakwa zvekare, uye kusiya Masjid iri pamamiriro ayo ekare kungaita kuti vatize kuita Swalaah nekuungana mumaMasjid, hapana chakaipa kuti paitwe zvakafanana nezvakaitwa naUthman (Allah ngavafare naye) kuitira kuvakwezva kumaMasjid, asi kwete kana zviri zvekudada. Uye hazvifarirwe kunyora muMasjid. Saka zvakanyanya kunaka kuti isiywe isina kunyorwa."[186]. [186] Zvakatorwa kubva mu«Al-Masaajid» yaAl-Qahtwaani (peji: 71).
Chikamu chechinomwe: Mutongo wekupinda kwemunhu asingatendi muMasjid.
Zvinorambidzwa kumaMuslim kuti vabvumidze chero munhu asingatendi kupinda muMasjid Al-Haraam nenzvimbo dzakaipoteredza dzeHaram yose; uye hwaro hweizvi mashoko aAllah (Mwari) Varikumusoro-soro anoti: {Veduwe-e Imi vanotenda! Zvirokwazvo avo vanobatanidza Allah (Mwari) nezvimwe zvinhu pakunamata havana kuchena, saka ngavasaswedere pedyo neMasjid al-Haraam mushure megore ravo rino...} [At-Tawbah: 28], Kana ari mamwe maMasjid; kana kupinda kwavo kuri kwechinangwa chinotenderwa muShari'ah, hapana chakaipa pane izvozvo, zvakadai sekubvunza nezveIslam, kana basa rine chekuita neMasjid, kana nezvakanakira maMuslim, kana kuteerera mharidzo, kana kupinda kuitira chinhu chinotenderwa chakaita sekunwa mvura inowanikwa mukati meMasjid. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita seaya, izvi zvinotenderwa, nokuti Muporofita, rugare nemakomborore aAllah ngazvive pavari, vakasungirira Thumamah bin Uthal pabango remuMasjid. Abu Hurairah, Allah ngavafadzwe naye, akati: "Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwaari) vakatuma varwi vemabhiza kudivi reNajd, vakabva vauya nemurume aibva kuBanu Hanifah ainzi Thumamah bin Uthal, vakamusunga pane rimwe bango remuMasjid. Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive kwavari) vakabva vabuda vachienda kwaari ndokuti: “Chii chaunacho iwe Thumamah?” Akati: “Ndine zvakanaka O Muhammad, kana mukandiuraya, munouraya munhu ane ropa rinotsivirwa, uye kana mukandiitira nyasha, munoitira nyasha munhu anotenda, uye kana muchida pfuma, taurai yamunoda.” Vakabva vamusiya kusvikira zuva rakatevera…" Hadith [187]. [187] Yakabvumiranwa naAl-Bukhari naMuslim.
Boka revamiririri vekuNajran rakapinda muMasjid uye vaive maKristu[188]. Uye Dhimam bin Tha'labah akaenda kuna Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) ivo vari muMasjid. Anas bin Maalik, Allah ngavafare naye, akati: «Pataive takagara pamwechete neMuporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) muMasjid, mumwe murume akapinda akatasva ngamera, ndokuipfugamisa muMasjid ndokubva aisunga. Ndokubva ati kwavari: ‘Ndeupi wenyu Muhammad?’, apo Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakanga vakazendamira pakati pavo. Takabva tati: ‘Ndeuyo murume muchena uyo akazendamira.’ Murume wacho ndokubva ati kwavari: ‘Mwanakomana waAbdul Muttalib.’ Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari) vakabva vati kwaari: «Ndakupindura». Murume wacho ndokubva ati kuna Muporofita (rugare nemakomborero aAllah ngazvive pavari): ‘Ndiri kukubvunzai uye ndichaomesa mibvunzo yangu kwamuri, saka musagumbuka neni mumoyo menyu.’ Vakabva vati: «Bvunza chaunoda»... kusvikira murume wacho ati: ‘Ndatenda mune zvamauya nazvo, uye ndiri mutumwa wevanhu vangu vandasiya kumashure, uye Ini ndini Dhimam ibn Tha'labah, hama yekwaBani Sa'd ibn Bakr.’» [189]. [188] Yakabvumiranwa naAl-Bukhari naMuslim. [189] Yakarondedzerwa naAl-Bukhari. Uye Tarisa mubhuku rinonzi: Majmu' Fataawa wa Maqaalaat aIbn Baaz, vhoriyamu yechisere, mutongo wekupinda kwevasingatendi muMasjid, uye Fataawa al-Lajnatu ad-Daaimah 6/276.
Izvi ndizvo zvatakwanisa kuunza pamusoro pezvinodiwa namu'adhin, naImaam, uye naKhatwib, pamwe nemitemo yemaMasjid, uye tinokurudzira mu'adhin, naImam, uye naKhatwib kuti vave nekutya Allah (Mwari), vane masimba ose, vanoremekedzwa, nekushingaira mukutsvaga ruzivo nekuita kuti rutekeshere, uye nekukoshesa izvozvo.
Izvi ndizvo, uye Allah (Mwari) ndivo Mupi wekubudirira. Allah (Mwari) ngavakomborere nekupa rugare kune Muporofita wedu Muhammad, nemhuri yavo nemaSwahaba vavo vose, uye chikumbiro chedu chekupedzisira ndechekuti: Kurumbidzwa kwese ndekwaAllah (Mwari), Tenzi wezvisikwa zvese.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa zvinobatsira kuna Muadhin, naImaam uye Khatwib
(Bhuku rinonzi) Al-ʾAdhaan wa al-Iqaamah raDr. Sa'id bin Ali bin Wahf Al-Qahtani, Mutsikisi: Kambani Yekudhinda yeSafir, Riyadh.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Al-Adhaan wa al-Iqaamah wa al-Iʿtimaam fi asw-Swalaah raDr. Abdul Muhsin Al-Munif.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Al-Imaamah fi asw-Swalaah fi Daw al-Kitaab wa as-Sunnah raSa'id bin Ali bin Wahf Al-Qahtwaani.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Uslub Khutbat al-Jumu'ah raAbdullah bin Dhaifullah Al-Ruhaili, Mutsikisi: Bazi reZvechiIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Al-Imaamatu fi asw-Swalaah - Mafhum, wafadaail, wa an-waa', wa aadaab, wa Ahkaam fi daw al-Kitaab wa as-Sunnah raDr. Said bin Ali bin Wahf Al-Qahtani, Mutsikisi: Safeer Press, Riyadh.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Khutbat al-Jumu'ah wa masʾuliyyaat al-Khutwabaa, rakagadzirirwa ne: Dare reDa'wah neNhungamiro, Bazi reNyaya dzeIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Khutbat al-Jumu'ah fi al-Kitaab wa as-Sunnah, raAbdul Rahman bin Muhammad Al-Hamad, Mutsikisi: Bazi reNhau dzeIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Khutbat al-Jumu'ah wa Ahkaamuha al-Fiqhiyyah raAbdul Aziz bin Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Hujailan, Mutsikisi: Bazi reNyaya dzechiIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Nzvimbo yeTsvakurudzo neZvidzidzo zvechiIslam.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Khutbat al-Jumu'ah wa Dawruha fi Tarbiyat al-Ummah nebasa raAbdul Ghani Ahmed Jabr Muzhir, Mutsikisi: Bazi reMabasa eIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Khamsuna waswiyyah litakuna khatwiban najihan raAmir bin Muhammad Al-Madari, uye rakaburitswa padandemutande neBazi reZvechiIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Swalaat al-Jumu'ah - Mafhum, Shurutw, Fadaaʾil, Khaswaaʾis, wa Aadaab, wa Ahkaam fi daw al-Kitaab wa as-Sunnah, raDr. Sa'id bin Ali bin Wahf Al-Qahtani, Mutsikisi: Safeer Press, Riyadh.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Minbar al-Jumu'ah Amaanah wa Masʾuliyyah, raAbdullah bin Muhammad bin Humaid, Mutsikisi: Bazi Rinoona Nezvenyaya DzechiIslam, Da'wah, neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Manhaj fi Iʿdaad khutbat al-Jumu'ah, raDr. Swalih bin Abdullah bin Humaid, Mutsikisi: Bazi reNyaya dzechiIslam, Da'wah neNhungamiro, Saudi Arabia.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Rasaaʾil lil Aʾimah wa al-Muʾadhinin raSheikh Abdullah bin Salih Al-Fawzan, Dar Ibn Al-Jawzi.
(Bhuku rinònzi) Risaalah ʾilaa Aʾimmat al-Masaajid wa al-Muʾadhinin wa al-Maʾmuminin raSheikh Abdullah bin Jarallah Al-Jarallah.
(Bhuku rinonzi) Mawsuu'ah al-Fiqh al-Kuwaytiyyah, muzvitsauko zvemharidzo, kutungamirira munamato, kushevedzera kumunamato (Adhaan), nemaMasjid.
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