CHIDULE CHOFOTOKOZA ZA KACHITIDWE KA MAPEMPHERO A HAJJ

CHIDULE CHOFOTOKOZA ZA KACHITIDWE KA MAPEMPHERO A HAJJ

Kuyamikidwa konse ndi kwa Mulungu, Mbuye wa zolengedwa zonse, ndipo madalitso ndi mtendere zikhale pa Mtumiki wathu Muhammad, ndi aku banja kwake pamodzi ndi omutsatira ake onse.

Pambuyo pa mau amenewa:

Uwu ndi uthenga wachidule ofotokoza za kachitidwe ka mapemphero a Hajj,tinaikira mtima pofotokoza zomwe zimafunika kwa munthu ochita Hajj.

Tikupempha Mulungu kuti auchite uthenga umenewu kukhala osangalasa iye yekha, ndikuti auchite kukhala othandiza kwa Asilamu onse.

Komiti yoona za maphunziro pansi pa bungwe lotanthauzira maphunziro a chisilamu mu zinenero zosiyasiyana.

Chiyambi:

Zoyenera kuti mapemphero alandiridwe:

Ntchito yabwino inaliyonse siyingalandire pa maso pa Mulungu,kupatula patapezeka zinthu ziwiri:

Kugwira ntchito pofuna kusangalasa Mulungu: zomwe zikutanthaudza kuti munthu akamagwira ntchito yabwino azifuna kusangalasa Mulungu ndikufuna kukapeza malipiro abwino moyo omwe ukubwera,Mulungu akuyankhula kuti: (Ayuda ndi Akhirisitu sadalamuridwe kudzera mu mabuku awo komanso Atumiki awo,kupatula zopembedza Mulungu m'modzi yekha ndikuyeretsa chopmbezo chake,popendekela ku choona......)[1]. [Al-Bayyinah:5]. [1] Kutanthauza kuti: molunjika kwa iye komanso kupembedza iye yekha, ndikusiya kupembedza milungu ina. Tafsir Al-Saadie(tsamba 538).

Mtumiki wa Mulungu-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale pa iye-adati: "Kulongosoka kwa ntchito iliyonse yabwino kumaimira pa chitsimikizo, ndipo munthu wina aliyense akalipidwa ntchito yake potengera ndi chitsimikizo chomwe adaika pa ntchitoyo...." [2] [2]Nkhani ikupezeka mu buku la Bukhar, nambala yake mu bukumo ndi (1),komanso mu buku la Muslim ndipo nambala yake ndi (1907).

Zoyenera kumutsatira Mtumiki pakachitidwe ka chitsimikizo poyankhula kapena kugwira ntchito, Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale pa iye-adati: “Munthu wina aliyense amene angayambitse chinthu choti mu malamulo athu a chisilamu mulibemo, chinthu chimenecho chidzabwezedwa kwa iye mwini tsiku lotsiriza"[3]. Mu kuyankhula kwina: “Munthu wina aliyense amene angagwire ntchito yomwe mu malamulo athu a chisilamu mulibemo, ntchito imeneyo idzabwezedwa kwa iye mwini tsiku lotsiriza"[4]. [3] Nkhani ikupezeka mu buku la Bukhar, nambala yake mu bukumo ndi (2697), komanso mu buku la Muslim, ndipo nambala yake ndi (1718). [4]Nkhani ikupezeka mu buku la Muslim ndipo nambala yake ndi (1718).

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CHOYAMBA: MALAMULO AMALO OCHITIRA CHITSIMIKIZO CHA HAJJ NDIKUVALA CHOVALA CHOCHITIRA HAJJ

Al-Mawaqit: Awa ndi malo amene Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale pa iye -adawapanga kukhala apa dera kuti munthu amene akufuna kuchita Hajj kapena Umrah achitire chitsimikizo ndikuvala zovala zochitira mapempherowo.

Kwa munthu amene akudutsa amodzi mwa malo amenewa ali ndi chitsimikizo chochita Hajj kapena Umrah:akukakamizidwa kuchita chitsimikizo chochita mapempherowa komanso kuvala zovala zochitira mapempherowo ali pamalo, ndipo sizovomerekeza kuti adutse malowo osachita zimenezo.

Kwa munthu amene ali pafupi ndi mzinda wa Makkah mu malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvala zovala zochitira Hajj kapena Umrah: munthu ameneyo malo ake ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvala zovala zochitira mapempherowo ndi malo ake akukhalawo; akuyenera kuchitira chitsimikizo ndikuvala zovala zochitira Hajj kapena Umrah kuchokera malo omwe ali nawo chifupi mu malo omwe adawaika Mtumiki kukhala okonzekelera za Hajj kapena Umrah.

Tsono kwa anthu a mzinda wa Makkah ndi okhala m'menemo: akuyenera kuchita chitsimikizo cha Hajj ali mu mzinda wa Makkah. Koma ngati akufuna kuchita Umrah: akuyenera kutuluka ndikupita ku malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvalira zovala zochitira Umrah, monga malo otchedwa Tan’eem ndi ena otero.

Tsono kwa munthu amene ali mu ndege: akuyenera kutsimikiza zochita Umrah akayang' anizana ndi malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvalira zovala zochitira Umrah, akuyenera kukonzeka ndikuvala zovala zochitira Umrah asanayang'anizane ndi malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvalira zovala zochitira Umrah,akakhala pafupi ndi malowa akuyenera kuchita chitsimikizo nthawi yomweyo, ndipo sizovomerezeka kwa iye kuchedwesa kutero kufikira pomwe watsika pa bwalo la ndege. Komanso ndi zotheka kwa iye kuyamba kuyankhula mau ovomera kuitana kwa Mulungu asanayang anizane ndi malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvalira zochitira Umrah poopezera kuwadusa malo oyenera kuyankhulira mau ovomereza kuitana(labbaika Allahumma labbaika); chifukwa chakufulumira kwa ndege.

Chachiwiri: Mitundu ya mapemphero a Hajj ndi malamulo ake:

Mitundu ya mapemphero a Hajj ilipo itatu: Tamattu'u,Ifraadu ndi Qiraanu.

Mtundu wa Tamattu'u ndi omwe uli wabwino pa mitundu itatuyi kwa munthu amene sanapite ndi nyama yoti adzazinge tsiku la eid al-adhuha, ndipo mtundu umenewu ndi oti: munthu amachita chitsimikizo chopanga Umrah mu miyezi yokonzekera za Hajj, ndikuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu(Kaaba), ndikuthamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa kenako ndikuvula nsalu yochitira Umrah ndikumeta kapena kuyepula tsisi, kenako ndikudzachitanso chitsimikizo chochita Hajj chaka chomwecho.

Al-Ifraadu: kumeneko ndi kutsimikiza zochita Hajj yokha, munthu ochita Hajj akafika mu mzinda wa Makkah, zikulamuridwa kwa iyeyo kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu moilonjera kenako akathamange pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa ndi chitsimikizo chochita Hajj, ndipo sakuyenera kumeta kapena kuyepula tsisi, ndipo sakuyenera kuvula chovala chake chochitira Hajj, akuyenera kuvalabe chovalacho kufikira pomwe adzagende miyala pilala lalikulu pa tsiku la eid. Ngati atachedwesa kuthamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa kufikira pomwe wamariza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu pambuyo pa mapemphero a Hajj, vuto palibe.

Al-Qiranu: Kumeneko ndikuchita chitsimikizo chopanga Umrah ndi Hajj limodzi,ndipo poyankhula mau achitsimikizo amanena kuti:(Labbaika Allahumma Umratan wa Hajjan).

Zochita munthu amene waika chitsimikizo chochita Umrah ndi Hajj zimafanana ndi zochita za amene wachita chitsimikizo chongochita Hajj yokha,kupatula kuti munthu amene akuphatikiza Umrah ndi Hajj amayenera kuzinga chiweto,pomwe munthu amene wangoika chitsimikizo cha Hajj yokha sadzinga chiweto.

CHACHITATU: KAVALIDWE KA CHOVALA CHOCHITIRA HAJJ NDI MALAMULO AKE

Zimalamuridwa kwa munthu amene akufuna kuvala chovala chochitira Hajj kuchita zinthu zikubwerazi:

1. Kusamba, ndi lamulo lotsimikizika kwa amuna ndi akazi omwe,ngakhalenso akazi omwe akudwala matenda achizimai komanso omwe akudwala matenda a ubereki.

2. Kupaka m'mutu ndi ndevu zake mafuta onunkhira bwino kwambiri opangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo kapena chosakhala mtengo,mafuta omwe wakwanisa kuwapeza,ndipo palibe vuto kusalira fungo pambuyo povala chovala chochitira Hajj. Tsono mzimai,sakuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta onunkhiritsa; poopezera kuti amuna adera atha kumva fungolo.

3. Kuvala chovala chochitira Hajj, chimenecho ndi chovala gawo la thupi la pansi komanso kumtunda.Ndi bwino kuti nsalu ziwiri zimenezi zikhale zoyera za ukhondo kapena zatsopano. Koma munthu wa mkazi, akuyenera kuvala zovala zomwe wafuna koma zosaonesera zozikongolesera, ndipo akuyenera kupewa kuvala chophimba kumaso(Niqab)komanso zophimba manja ake(magolovesi), ndipo akuyenera kuphimba nkhope pamodzi ndi manja ake (akakhala kuti pali amuna adera).

4.Akuyenera kuvala chovala chochitira Hajj pambuyo popemphera pemphero lolamuridwa ,kaya ndi lokakamizidwa kapena losakakamizidwa, koma kuteroko sikuti ndi chinthu chokakamizidwa.

Kenako ayankhule mau oti “Labbaika Allahumma Umratan” ngati akuchita Umra, kapena “Labbaika Allahumma Hajjan” ngati akuchita Hajj yokha, kapena “Labbayka Allahumma Umratan wa Hajjan” ngati akuchita Hajj ndi Umrah pamodzi.

Ngati munthu akuopa kuti mwina patha kupezeka chomuletsa kukwaniritsa mapemphero ake a Hajj, ndi zololedwa kwa iyeyo kuyankhula mau oti: (....ngati nditasekerezedwa ndi chondisekereza,malo omwe ndingachitire chitsimikizo ndikuvalira chovala chochitira Hajj ndi pamalo omwe ndasekerezedwawo), nde munthu akayankhula mau amenewa ndikuchitika chinthu chomuletsa kukwaniritsa mapemphero ake,ndi zololedwa ndipo palibe vuto lililonse.

Kenako achulutse kuyankhula mau ovomera kuitana kwa Mulungu oti : (Labbaika Allahumma Labbaika, Labbaika laa sharika laka labbaika, Innal-hamda, wannimata laka walmuluku, laa sharika laka)[4]. Mamuna komanso mkazi onse akuyenera kukweza mau pomwe akuyankhula mau amenewa; mzimaiyo ngati sali pafupi ndi amuna adera. Munthu amene akuchita Hajj akuyenera kuchulukisa kuyankhula mau amenewa pomwe nyengo ndi malo zasintha, monga ngati ali pamalo okwera,kapena otsika kapena pomwe usiku ndi usana ukudza. (5)Tanthauzo la mau omwe munthu amayankhula oti: (Labbaika) ndikukuyankhani ee inu Ambuye,, nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo tanthauzo lake ndi:kuvomera komwe munthu amamuvomera mbuye Mulungu ndikumumvera malamulo ake. “Inna al-hamda wa al-nimata laka wal-muluku" al-hamdu: kumufotokoza Mulungu amene ndi otamandidwa ndi mafotokozedwe okwanira limodzi ndikumukonda ndikumulemekeza,kutamandidwa kukabwerezedwa kumasanduka kumutamandira. Wa Al-Nima: ndi zomwe Mulungu amawapasa akapolo ake mu zofuna zawo komanso kwateteza ku zinthu zoipa, mau ake oti: (al-muluku)akutanthauza kuti: umfumu onse ndi wanu. Mulungu yekha ndi amene ali mwini zonse. Mau ake oti(Laa Sharika Laka): kutanthauza kuti: palibe wina aliyense amene amakuthandizani mu zinthu zomwe zikukhuza inu nokha mu mbiri zanu zokwanira bwino, ngati umozi wanu pa umwini wa chilichonse,kulenga ,kuyendesa kwa zinthu zonse komanso popembedzedwa. Izi zalembedwa mwachidule mu buku la Fatawa komanso mauthenga olembedwa ndi Al-Othaimeen(22/96).

Kuyankhula mau ovomereza kuitana kwa Mulungu pomwe ukuchita Umrah zimayamba ukangovala chovala chochitira Umrah ndipo umatsiriza ukayamba kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu. Pomwe nthawi yomwe ukuchita Hajj,umayamba kuyankhula mau amenewa ukangovala chovala chochitira Hajj ndipo umatsiriza kuyankhula pomwe wayamba kugenda pilala tsiku la eid(chikondwelero).

Munthu amene wavala chovala chochitira Hajj akuyenera kupewa china chilichonse mu zinthu zomwe ndi zoletsedwa kwa munthu amene akuchita Hajj kufikira pomwe wamariza zonse zofunika kuchita nthawi ya Hajj.

CHACHINAYI: ZOLETSEDWA KUCHITA UKAVALA CHOVALA CHOCHITIRA HAJJ

Zinthu zoletsedwa kuchita ukavala chovala chochitira Hajj ndi izi:

1. Kumeta tsisi la m'mutu, kapena kuliyepula, kapena kuzula tsitsi kuchokera malo alionse apa thupi pake.

2. Kuwenga zikhadabo zonse kapena zina mwa izo kuchokera mapazi onse awiri kapena manja onse awiri.

3-Kuphimba mutu ndi chinthu chokhazikikapo, monga chipewa, chimaki, kapena nduwira, kapena kuvala chovala pamutu, kapena kuyika mpango, bulangete, katoni, kapena china chilichonse chomwe cholinga chake ndi kuziphimba. Lamulo ili likukhuza amuna okha osati ndi azikazi omwe.

4-Kuvala chovala cha nthawi zonse chophimba thupi lonse cholingana ndi thupi lake; mavalidwe achizolowezi,monga: chovala chosokedwa, thalauza, malaya, masokosi, ndi magolovesi. Lamulo ili likukhuza amuna osati ndi akazi omwe; chifukwa zomwe akazi amaletsedwa kuvala ndi izi:

a-Kuvala niqab, burqa(kampango kophimbila ku nkhope), kapena chophimba chofanana ndi niqab. Mkazi akukakamizidwa kuphimba nkhope yake pamaso pa amuna adera ndi chophimbira nkhope cha nthawi zonse;ngakhale chophimbira nkhopecho chitakhuza nkhope yake, ndipo sakulamulidwa mkaziyo kumanga mpango mmutu ndi cholinga choti choziphimbira chija chisakhuze nkhope; chifukwa chosowa umboni wamachitidwe amenewo.

b-Kuvala magolovesi m'manja mwake, ndipo atseke m'manja pamaso pa amuna adera powaika manjawo mkati mwa chovala chake.

5-Kupaka mafuta onunkhiritsa pathupi, kapena pa zovala za pochita Hajj.

6-Kupha kapena kusaka nyama yapa mtunda, ngakhale asaiphe.

7-Kufunsira mkazi kapena kumufunsilira wina.

8-Kumangitsa ukwati.

9-Kukhuzana thupi popanda kuchita ukwati; ngati kupyopyonana,ndikugwirana mwa chilakolako.

10-Kugonana, komwe ndi kulowana kwa maliseche.

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CHACHISANU: KAZUNGULILIDWE KA KAABA(NYUMBA YA MULUNGU)

Munthu amene akuchita mapemphero a Hajj akafuna kulowa mu mzikiti waku Makkah,akulamuridwa zosogoza mwendo wake waku manja ndikuyankhula pemphero lolowera mu mzikiti,pemphero lotsimikizika lolowera mu mzikiti ndi loti munthu ayankhule kuti: "Allahumma iftah lii abuwaba rahmatika", pemphero ili munthu akuyenera kunena nthawi iliyonse akulowa mu mzikiti wina ulionse,sikuti ndi lokhuza mzikiti wa mzinda wa Makkah okha ai.

Munthu ochita Hajj akafuna kuyamba kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu,amayenera nsalu yomwe wavala kumtunda aidusise kunsi kwa nkhwapa yake mbali ya manja,ndipo tsonga za nsaluyo aziyike pa phewa lake laku manzere, ndipo akamariza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu,amaibwezeresa nsalu mmene idalili asadayambe kuzungulira Kaaba; chifukwa kudusisa nsalu kunsi kwa nkhwapa ndikuika tsonga zake pa phewa laku manzere,zimachitika nthawi yomwe ukuzungulira Kaaba.

Kenako amapita pomwe pali mwana okuda,ndikugwira ndi dzanja lake laku manja ndikuupyopyona, ngati sangakwanise kuupyopyona mwalawo,amayenera kungougwira ndikupyopyona dzanja lake,komanso ngati sizingatheke kuugwira mwalawo ndi dzanja lake,adzangoukhuza ndi chinthu chilichonse chomwe watenga mmanja mwake ngati ndondo ndi zina zotero kenako ndikuupyopyona, ngati zimenezonso sizingatheke kuti atero,iye akuyenera kulunjika(kutembenukia) komwe kuli mwala okudawu ndikungolozera ndi dzanja lake ndipo sakuyenera kupyopyona dzanja lake, ndipo zabwino zake ndi zoti asalimbirane ndi anthu pofuna kuchita zimenezi poopezera kuwazunza anthu komanso iyeyo kuzunzika ndi anthuwo.

Pa nthawi yomwe akugwira mwala kapena kuulozera,munthu ochita Hajj anene mau oti: (Allah Akbar).

Kenako akuyenera kuyamba kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu (Kaaba)poyenda mbali yaku manja ndikuisiya nyumba ya Mulungu(Kaaba)mbali yaku manzere, ndipo akafika pa ngodya yakumanja,augwire mwala okuda popanda kuupyopyona, ngati sanakwanise kugwirako,asalimbirane ndi anthu ena kuti mpaka agwire gwirebe, kapena kulozera asalozere.

Ndipo akakhala pakati pa ngodya yakumanja ndi mwala okuda ayankhule mau awa: (Rabbana aatina fii dunia hasana wa fil-akhirat Hasana waqina a'dhaaba n-nari".

Nthawi iliyonse yomwe akudutsa pafupi ndi mwala okuda, akuyenera kuulozera ndi dzanja lake uku akunena kuti: (Allah Akbar).

Kwina konse kosalako pa nthawi yomwe akuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu, azimukumbukira Mulungu ndikumupempha zomwe akuzikonda komanso aziwerenga Qur'an.

Ndi zolamuridwa kuti kuzungulira koyamba mpaka kwa chitatu akuyenera kuyenda mofulumira uku akuwandikisa mayendedwe ake(mapazi), pomwe kuzungulira kunayi kotsiriza,sakuyenera kuyenda mofulumira,akuyenera kuyenda momwe amayendera mwa chizolowezi chake.

Akamariza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu, amapita ku malo omwe Abraham amaima pomanga nyumba ya Mulungu ndikuwerenga mau: (....wattakhidhu min maqami Ibrahim muswalla....) [Al-Baqarah:125] Kenako apemphere maraka awiri kumbuyo kwa malo omwe amaima Abrahamwo ngati kuli kotheka, ngati sizingatheke kupemphelera malo amenewo,apemphelere malo ena alionse mu mzikitimo, pa rakat yoyamba,pambuyo powerenga Surah Al-Fatiha awerenge iyi: (Qul ya Ayyuha Al-Kafiruna) [Al-Kafirun:1] Pa raka yachiwiri, pambuyo powerenga Al-Fatiha, awerenge iyi: (Qul huwa Allah Ahadu). [Al-Ikhlas:1]

CHACHISANU NDI CHIMOZI: KATHAMANGIDWE KA PAKATI PA SAFA NDI MARWA

Akamariza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu(Kaaba)ndi kupemphera maraka ake awiri,akuyenera kuchoka ndikupita malo othamangira pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa. ndipo akawandikira pa Safa, awerenge mau a Mulungu awa: (Inna al-safa wal-mar-wata min sha'iri Allah...) Kenako anene kuti: “Ndikuyamba ndi chimene Mulungu anayamba nacho.”[6] [6] Nkhani ikuchokera kwa Muslim, nambala yake ndi (1218).

Kenako amakwera pa phiri la Safa mpaka ataiwona Kaaba kapena mbali yake, ndikuyang’anizana nayo kaabayo, ndipo kenako ayankhule mau a umodzi wa Mulungu, ndikuyankhula mau omukweza Mulungu, ndikuyankhula mau awa: "Laa ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul-muliku walahul-hamdu, wahuwa a'la kulli shay'in qadiru, laa ilaaha illa Allah wahdahu, ‌anjaza ‌wa'adahu, ‌wanaswara ‌abudahu, wahazama al'ahzaba wahdahu", Kenako amapempha pempho pakati pa zimenezo. Kenako adzanena zimenezo katatu [7]. [7]Nkhani idachokera kwa Muslim,nambala yake ndi (1218).

Kenako munthu ochita Hajj amatsika kuchokera pa phiri la Safa kupita ku Marwa akuyenda, ndipo akafika pomwe pali chizindikiro chobiliwira(green) amayenda mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo akafika pomwe pali chidzindikiro chobiliwira cha chiwiri,amayenda mmene amayenda osati mofulumira, ndipo sizolamuridwa kwa azimai kuti aziyenda mofulumira akafika malo omwe pali chidzindikiro chobiliwirachi.

Munthu ochita Hajj akafika pa phiri la Marwa,zalamuridwa kwa iye kuchita zofanana ndi zomwe anachita ali pa phiri la Safa[ndime ya nambala yachiwiri(2)].

Kenako munthu ochita Hajj amatsika kuchokera pa phiri la Marwa kupita ku phiri la Safa akuyenda, ndipo akafika pomwe pali chizindikiro chobiliwira(green) amayenda mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo akafika pomwe pali chidzindikiro chobiliwira cha chiwiri,amayenda mmene amayenda osati mofulumira.

Achite choncho kufika atakwaniritsa kuzungulira kasanu ndi kawiri,kupita ku Marwa kuchokera ku Safa kameneko ndi kamodzi, kubwelera ku Safa kuchokera ku Marwa, kumenekonso ndi kuzungulira kwa chikena.

Pa nthawi yomwe akuthamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa,akuyenera kumamukumbukira Mulungu ndikumamupempha komanso kuwerenga zomwe wakonda.

CHACHISANU NDI CHIWIRI: KAMETEDWE NDI KAYEPULIDWE KA TSITSI LA M'MUTU

Munthu amene akuchita Umrah akamariza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu,komanso wamariza kuthamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa, akuyenera kumeta tsisi lake kapena kuliyepula ngati ali mamuna. Zalamuridwa kuti kumeta kapena kuyepula kukhale kwa mutu onse.

Ndipo Kumeta ndi kwabwino kuposa kuyepula,kupatula ngati nthawi ya mapemphero a Hajj yawandikira zomwe zingapangise kuti pasakhale nthawi yokwanira yoti tsisi limele m'mutu; zikatero, zabwino zake ndikuyepula.

Tsono mkazi, akuyenera kuyepula tsonga za tsisi lake molingana ndi tsonga ya chala.

Kwa munthu amene wachita chitsimikizo chongochita Hajj yokha kapena waphatikiza Hajj ndi Umrah, sakuyenera kumeta tsisi lake kupatula pa tsiku la chikondwelero(eid)pambuyo pogenda miyala pilala lalikula.

Zikatero munthu amene amachita Umrah amakhala wamariza mapemphero ake a Umrah, chimodzimodzinso munthu amene amachita mapemphero a Hajj ndiye anayamba kaye ndi Umrah ,umu ndi momwe amatsirizira mapemphero ake a Umrah.

KACHITIDWE KA MAPEMPHERO A HAJJ

Choyamba: Kuchita chitsimikizo chochita mapemphero a Hajj ndikuvala zovala zochitira Hajj:

Ndi chiphunzitso cha Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso zikhale pa iye-kwa munthu amene akufuna kuchita mapemphero a Hajj kuti achite chitsimikizo komanso kuvala zovala zochitira Hajj dzuwa litakwela ku m'mawa kwa tsiku lokonzekera za mapempherowa lomwe ndi tsiku la chisanu ndi zitatu (8)mu mwezi wa Dhul-Hijjah, ndipo zimenezi apangire malo omwe iyeyo wafunira ganizo lochita Hajj,ngati atakhala kuti ali mu mzinda wa Makkah kapena sali malo ochitira chitsimikizo ndikuvalira zochitira Hajj,ngati si zili choncho, akuyenera kuchitira chitsimikizo ndikuvala zovala zochitira Hajj pa malo amodzi mu malo omwe adakhazikisidwa ndi Mtumiki pa nthawi yomwe akudusa pamalopo.

Akafuna kuvala chovala chochitira Hajj, akuyenera kuchita zomwe amachita akafuna kuchita mapemphero a Umrah; ngati kusamba,kuzola pelefyumu ndi kupemphera, ndikuchita chitsimikizo choti akuchita Hajj ndikuyankhula mau ovomereza kuitana kwa Mulungu, ndipo kayankhulidwe kovomera kuitana kwa Mulungu nthawi ya Hajj ndi kofanana ndi m'mene zimachitikiridwa thawi ya Umrah kupatula kuti nthawi ya Hajj munthu amayankhula kuti:(Labbaika Hajjan)mmalo mwa mau ake oti: (Labbaika Umratan).

Ngati munthu akuopa kuti mwina patha kupezeka chomuletsa kukwaniritsa mapemphero ake a Hajj, ndi zololedwa kwa iyeyo kuyankhula mau oti: (....ngati nditasekerezedwa ndi chondisekereza,malo omwe ndingachitire chitsimikizo ndikuvalira chovala chochitira Hajj ndi pamalo omwe ndasekerezedwawo), nde munthu akayankhula mau amenewa ndikuchitika chinthu chomuletsa kukwaniritsa mapemphero ake,ndi zololedwa ndipo palibe vuto lililonse.

Kenako azichulusa kuyankhula mau ovomereza kuitana kwa Mulungu oti:(Labbaika Allahumma Labbaika,Labbaika Laa Sharika Laka Labbaika,Inna alhamda wa al-ni'mata laka Wal Muluka,Laa Sharika Laka),akukweza mau ake poyankhula mau amenewa,chimodzimodzi mzimai akuyenera kuteronso; ngati palibe amuna achilendo pafupi pake. Ndipo munthu amene akuchita Hajj akuyenera kumachulusa kuyankhula mau amenewa pomwe nyengo ndi nthawi zasintha monga ngati akukwera mtunda kapena kutsika mtunda, kapena pomwe usiku kapena usana ukubwera.

Kuyankhula mau ovomereza kuitanidwa ndi Mulungu, zalamuridwa kuti adziyankhulidwa kuyambira pomwe munthu wachita chitsimikizo komanso kuvala zovala zochitira Hajj kufikira pomwe wayamba kugenda miyala pilala yaikulu tsiku la chikondwelero(eid).

Munthu amene wachita chitsimikizo chochita Hajj komanso wavala chovala chochitira Hajj, akuyenera kupewa kuchita zinthu zoletsedwa kufikira pomwe wamariza zonse zoyenera kuchitika mkati mwa Hajj ndipo wavula chovala chomwe anavalacho.

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Cha Chiwiri: Kugona pamalo otchedwa Mina:

Kenako zikulamulidwa kwa iye kunyamuka ndikupita ku Mina pa tsiku la chisanu ndi atatu(8); ndikumapemphera ali malo amenewo mapemphero awa: Dhuhr,Asr,Maghrib,Isha ndi Fajr; mopungula koma osaphatikiza nthawi imodzi; chifukwa choti Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale pa iyeyo-ankapemphera mopungula pomwe anali pa Mina, ndipo samapemphera mophatikiza mapemphero akutchulidwawa.

Chachitatu: Kuima pa malo otchedwa Arafah ndikugona pa malo otchedwa Muzdalifah:

Likatuluka dzuwa pa tsiku la chisanu ndi chinayi lomwe ndi tsiku la Arafa, munthu amene akuchita Hajj amayenda kuchokera ku Mina kupita ku Arafah ndipo amafikira pa malo otchedwa Nimrat kufikira pomwe dzuwa lapendeka ngati zitamupepukira kutero,ngati sizinatheke kutero vuto palibe; chifukwa kufika malo otchedwa Nimrat si zokakamizidwa.

Dzuwa likapendeka,akuyenera kupemphera mapemphero a Dhuhr ndi Asri, popemphera ma rakat awiri awiri pemphero lililonse,apemphere mophatikiza pemphero la Dhuhr ndi Asr kuphatikiza kosogoza pemphero la Asr kulifikisa nthawi ya Dhuhr monga momwe adachitira Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso zikhale pa iye.

Kenako pambuyo pomariza kupemphera,ayambe kuchulusa kumkumbukira Mulungu ndikumamupempha, ndikumapempha zomwe akukonda atamupempha Mulungu atanyamula manja ake ndikulunjika ku Qibla.

Pempho lomwe Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso zikhale pa iye-lomwe amachulusa kumupempha nalo Mulungu pa malo olemekezekawa linali lakuti: "Laa ilaaha illa Allah, wahidahu laa sharika lahu,lahul muluku,wa lahul hamdu,wahuwa a'la kulli shayn qadiru ".

Ngati atatopa ndi kufuna kupuma poyankhulana ndi azinzake pa nkhani zopindulitsa kapena kuwerenga mabuku aliwonse othandiza omwe angathe kuwerenga, makamaka okhudzana ndi kuolowa manja kwa Mulungu ndi mphatso zake zokongola;ndi cholinga chomulimbikitsa mbali ya chiyembekezo cha zabwino pa tsikulo, zimenezo zimakhala zabwino,kenako ndikubwelera popitiriza kumupempha Mulungu, ndikuikira chidwi kwambiri pogwiritsa bwino ntchito nthawi yaku mapeto atsiku pochulusa kumupempha Mulungu, chifukwa pempho labwino ndi lomwe limapemphedwa tsiku la Arafah

Dzuwa likalowa pa tsiku la Arafah, amapita ku Muzdalifah

Akafika kumeneko(Muzdalifah)amapemphera pemphero la Maghrib maraka atatu, ndipo pemphero la Isha amapemphera maraka awiri mophatikiza popemphera nthawi imodzi(Maghrib ndi Isha).

Ngati akuopa kuti atha kukafika pa Muzdalifah pakati pa usiku, iye atha kupemphera mapemphero a Maghrib ndi Isha ngakhale asanafike pa Muzdalifahpo, ndipo sizovomerezeka kwa iye kuchedwesa mapemphero kufika mpakana kudusa kwa theka la usiku.

Ndipo akuyenera kugona pa Muzdalifah, ndipo ngati m'bandakucha utaonekera,atha kupemphera mofulumira pochita Adhan ndi Iqamat.

Kenako akuyenera kulunjika ku Muzdalifah, ndikumachulutsa kuyankhula mau a umodzi wa Mulungu , ndikumamukweza ,ndikumamupempha zomwe wakonda kuti amupemphe Mulunguyo kufikira pomwe kuyera kosonyeza kucha kwaonekera, ngati sizinamupepukire zopita ku Muzdalifah,atha kumupempha Mulungu ali malo omwe wakhalawo; potengera kuyankhula kwa Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale pa iye-oti: “Ndaima pano ndaimapa(Muzdalifah)ndipo malo onsewa ndi pa Muzdalifah” [8]. Ndipo pomukumbukira Mulungu ndikumamupempha akuyenera kulunjika ku Qibla komanso anyamule manja ake. [8]Nkhani ikuchokera kwa Abu Dawood,nambala yake (1936).

Cha Chinayi:Ntchito Zochita pa Tsiku la Eid(Chisangalalo):

Kukakhala kuti kummawa kwawala kwambiri, achoke ku Muzdalifah - dzuwa lisanatuluke - ndi kupita ku Mina, ndipo akuyenera kuyenda mofulumira pa dambo lotchedwa Muhassir.

Akafika ku Mina, akuyenera kuponya miyala pa pilala lalikulu, limenelo ndi pilala lotsiriza lomwe lawandikana ndi mzinda wa Makkah,ndipo akuyenera kuponya miyala isanu ndi iwiri(7) mosiyanisa maponyedwe(limodzi limodzi),mwala ulionse uzifanana mulingo wake ndi nthangala ya tende makulidwe ake, ndipo akuyenera kuyankhula mau oti Allah Akbar nthawi iliyonse yomwe akugenda mwala ulionse.

Kenako azinge(chinyama) nsembe yake ngati n’kotheka.

Kenako amete m'mutu mwake kapena kuyepula ngati ali mwamuna,kumeta ndi komwe kuli kwabwino.tsono mkazi,akulamuridwa zoyepula osati kumeta tsisi lonse.

Akakhala kuti wagenda miyala pa Jamarat ndikumeta tsisi lake la m'mutu, amakhala kuti wamariza kuchita mapemphero a Hajj koyamba, ndipo amaloledzedwa kuchita kena kalikonse kupatula kukhala limodzi ndi azikazi ake.

Kenako amapita ku Makkah ndi kukazugulira nyumba ya Mulungu(kaaba) pambuyo poima pa phiri la Arafa(Tawaf al-ifadah), kenako amakathamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa ngati munthu ochita Hajj amene anayamba ndi Umrah kenako Hajj, kapena wangopanga Hajj yokha popanda kupanga Umrah kapena anatsimikiza zopanga zonse Hajj ndi Umrah ndipo sanakwanitse kupanga pambuyo pozungulira nyumba ya Mulungu moilonjera(Tawaf al-qudum),atha kuchedwesa kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu komanso kuthamanga pakati pa Safa ndi Marwa kufikira usiku kapena tsiku lachiwiri lakelo potengera zomwe zamupepukira.

Cha Chisanu: Ntchito Zochitika M'masiku Odzinga Zinyama

Ngati munthu waponya miyala, wameta tsisi la m'mutu, wazungulira nyumba ya Mulungu(Kaaba), wathamanga pakati pa Swafa ndi Marwa, ndithudi amakhala kuti wamariza mapemphero a Hajj, ndipo china chilichonse chomwe chimaletsedwa pa nthawi yochita Hajj chimakhala chololedzedwa kwa iyeyo kuchichita kuphatikiza kukhalirana limodzi ndi azikazi ake.

Kenako amabwelera kupita ku Mina ndikugona kumeneko masiku awa: pa 11, 12 ndi 13 ngati atafuna kuchedwerapo.

Kenako amakaponya miyala zipilala zitatu pamalo otchedwa Al-Jamarat dzuwa likapendeka.

Pa tsiku lakhumi ndi chimodzi(11),amaponya miyala pilala loyamba- chimenecho ndi chipilala chomwe chatalikirana ndi mzinda wa Makkah ndipo ndi chomwe chawandikana kwambiri ndi mzikiti otchedwa Al-Khaif-poponya miyala isanu ndi iwiri mosiyanisa kaponyedwe(osati pakamodzi), poponya mwala wina ulionse adziyankhula mau oti Allah Akbar(Mulungu ndi wamkulu). Kenako apite pasogolo pang ono ndipo apemphe pempho lililonse lalitali lomwe angakonde, ngati zitakhala zovuta kwa iyeyo kuima nthawi yaitali ndikumapempha, akuyenera kupempha pempho lililonse lalifupi ngakhale atapempha zochepa ndi cholinga chokwaniritsa chiphunzitso cha Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso za Mulungu zikhale pa iye.

Kenako akaponyenso miyala pa pilala la pakati ndikupemphanso Mulungu zomwe wakonda kuti amupemphe pambuyo pake.

Kenako amakaponya miyala pa pilala lalikulu,kupatula kuti akangomariza kuponya miyala amanyamuka ndipo samapempha pempho lililonse pambuyo pake.

Kenako amaponya miyala tsiku la khumi ndi chiwiri (12) monga mmene anachitira tsiku la khumi ndi chimodzi (11); ndipo akamariza kuponya miyala, ngati atafuna atha kunyamuka ndikuchoka ku Mina.

Ngati atafuna, atha kuchedwa ndikugona usiku wa tsiku la khumi ndi chitatu(13) pa Minapo ndikudzagenda zipilala zitatu pambuyo popendama kwa dzuwa monga momwe tafotokozera.Kuchedwa kunyamukako ndi komwe kuli kwabwino.

Sizokakamizidwa munthu kuchedwa mpaka tsiku la khumi ndi chitatu(13) kupatula ngati dzuwa litabila pa tsiku la khumi ndi chiwiri(12) munthuyo akadali pa Mina; pamenepo ndiye amakhala okakamizidwa kunyamuka mochedwa kufikira atagenda miyala zipilala zonse zitatu pambuyo popendama kwa dzuwa.

Koma ngati dzuwa litamubilira iye akadali pa Mina pa tsiku la khumi ndi chiwiri(12) osati mwakufuna kwake monga: akhale kuti ananyamuka kale ndipo adakwera chokwera koma wachedwa chifukwa chakudzadza kwa magalimoto ndi zina zotero; munthu ameneyo sakukakamizidwa kukhala mpakana pa 13;kamba koti kuchedwa kwakeko mpaka kufikira kubila kwa dzuwa sikuti kwachitika mwakufuna kwake.

Chachisanu ndi chimodzi: Tawaf(Kuzungulira Kaaba)yotsanzikana:

Ngati akufuna kuchoka ku Makka kupita ku dziko la kwawo,sakuyenera kutuluka mu mzinda wa Makkha kufikira atazungulira nyumba ya Mulungu(Kaaba) kotsanzikana nayo Kaabayo.

Kupatula akazi omwe akudwala matenda achizimai apa mwezi ndi omwe abereka, amenewo sakukakamizidwa kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu, ndipo sakuyenera kuima pa khomo la mzikiti umenewu kuti asanzikane ndi nyumba ya Mulungu; chifukwa chosowekera umboni kuchokera kwa Mtumiki-mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu zikhale kwa iye-olamulira kuchita zimenezo.

Kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu achipange chinthu chotsiriza kuchichita akafuna kuti anyamuke kubwelera kwawo.

Ngati atakhala pambuyo potsanzikana ndi nyumba ya Mulungu kuti awadikire anzake, kapena kunyamula zikwama zake, kapena anagula chinthu mu njira, palibe vuto kupezeka mu mzindamu pa zifukwa zimenezo, ndipo sakuyenera kubwereza kuzungulira nyumba ya Mulungu pokhapokha ngati atafuna kuchedwetsa ulendo wake, mongoyerekeza kuti : ngati akufuna kuyenda kumayambiriro kwa tsiku ndikuchita kuzungulira kotsanzika,kenanko ndikusintha kuti anyamuka kumapeto kwa tsiku,pamenepo ndiye akuyenera kubwereza kusanzikana ndi nyumba ya Mulungu ndi cholinga choti ntchito yotsirizira ikhale kusanzikana ndi nyumba ya Mulunguyo.

Mtendere ndi madalitso a Mulungu akhale pa Mtumiki wathu Muhammad.